Top

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review

Gepubliceerd in:

07-11-2024

A Systematic Review of Parental Involvement in Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions for Child Anxiety

Auteurs: Meri M. V. Grajdan, Evren Etel, Lara J. Farrell, Caroline L. Donovan

Gepubliceerd in: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review | Uitgave 1/2025

Abstract

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an efficacious intervention for child anxiety that has been translated into accessible digital formats, many of which involve parents in treatment. However, the value of parental involvement in treatment is not clearly understood. This systematic review examined characteristics of parental involvement (i.e., format and content of sessions, level of therapist guidance, and parent session compliance) in digital CBT for child anxiety (mean child age ≤ 12 years) and their relation to child outcomes (primary disorder remission, clinician-, parent-, and child-rated anxiety, and global functioning). Systematic searches in CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Scopus up to 14th August 2023, and citation searching, identified 27 articles (as 23 studies) assessing 14 interventions. Two were parent-only programmes for 3–6-year-old children, with the remaining being parent–child programmes targeting older children. Parents were actively involved as coaches/collaborators, assisting their children with anxiety management and exposure, and less often as co-clients working on their own difficulties. Benefits of treatment were observed across interventions, except for one, psychoeducation-based programme. Higher remission rates were more frequently observed in interventions delivered in controlled settings, those with fewer parent-only sessions, or those incorporating more parent- or therapist-led exposure sessions. Most studies were conducted with affluent samples, limiting generalisability, and several received a high risk of bias rating. Future research should examine parent and family related mechanisms of change and modify interventions for improved adherence, such as restricting the number of modules parents are required to complete and teaching key therapeutic strategies such as exposure early in the programme.

vorige artikel Multi-Informant Universal Mental Health Screening for Preschool-Aged Children by Parents and Educators: A PRISMA Systematic Review

volgende artikel Manualised Attachment-Based Interventions for Improving Caregiver-Infant Relationships: A Two-Stage Systematic Review

Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers

Deviations from the original protocol were: (1) conducting the title/abstract screening by one reviewer, (2) excluding adolescent samples with a mean age > 12 years, (3) specifying the outcomes that were referred to in the original protocol to as “any other child/parent/family outcomes”, (4) asking additional research questions (q2 & q3) and clarifying/specifying original questions (q4 & q5).

Ale, C. M., McCarthy, D. M., Rothschild, L. M., & Whiteside, S. P. H. (2015). Components of cognitive behavioral therapy related to outcome in childhood anxiety disorders. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 18(3), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-015-0184-8CrossRefPubMed

Anderson, R. E. E., Spence, S. H., Donovan, C. L., March, S., Prosser, S., & Kenardy, J. (2012). Working alliance in online cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety disorders in youth: Comparison with clinic delivery and its role in predicting outcome. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14(3), e88. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1848CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Baourda, V., Brouzos, A., Mavridis, D., Vassilopoulos, S., Vatkali, E., & Boumpouli, C. (2021). Group psychoeducation for anxiety symptoms in youth: Systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 47, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/01933922.2021.1950881CrossRef

Barican, J. L., Yung, D., Schwartz, C., Zheng, Y., Georgiades, K., & Waddell, C. (2022). Prevalence of childhood mental disorders in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform policymaking. Evidence Based Mental Health, 25(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2021-300277CrossRefPubMed

Barmish, A. J., & Kendall, P. C. (2005). Should parents be co-clients in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious youth? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 569–581. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3403_12CrossRefPubMed

Bayer, J. K., Sanson, A. V., & Hemphill, S. A. (2006). Parent influences on early childhood internalizing difficulties. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27(6), 542–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.002CrossRef

Benito, K. G., Caporino, N. E., Frank, H. E., Ramanujam, K., Garcia, A., Freeman, J., Kendall, P. C., Geffken, G., & Storch, E. A. (2015). Development of the pediatric accommodation scale: Reliability and validity of clinician-and parent-report measures. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 29, 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.10.004CrossRefPubMed

Birmaher, B., Brent, D. A., Chiappetta, L., Bridge, J., Monga, S., & Baugher, M. (1999). Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): A replication study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(10), 1230–1236. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199910000-00011CrossRefPubMed

Breinholst, S., Esbjørn, B. H., Reinholdt-Dunne, M. L., & Stallard, P. (2012). CBT for the treatment of child anxiety disorders: A review of why parental involvement has not enhanced outcomes. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 416–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.12.014CrossRefPubMed

Broomfield, G., Brown, S. D., & Yap, M. B. H. (2022). Socioeconomic factors and parents’ preferences for internet- and mobile-based parenting interventions to prevent youth mental health problems: A discrete choice experiment. Internet Interventions, 28, 100522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2022.100522CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bry, L. J., Chou, T., Miguel, E., & Comer, J. S. (2018). Consumer smartphone apps marketed for child and adolescent anxiety: A systematic review and content analysis. Behavior Therapy, 49(2), 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.008CrossRefPubMed

Byrne, S., Cobham, V., Richardson, M., & Imuta, K. (2023). Do parents enhance cognitive behavior therapy for youth anxiety? An overview of systematic reviews over time. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 26, 773–788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-023-00436-5CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Cabrera, V. M., Patriarca, G. C., Arencibia Proenza, D., Yeguez, C. E., Wolenski, R., Rey, Y., & Pettit, J. W. (2023). Single-session telehealth booster for youth experiencing a return of anxiety after CBT: A case series. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2023.04.001CrossRef

Cardy, J. L., Waite, P., Cocks, F., & Creswell, C. (2020). A Systematic review of parental involvement in cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescent anxiety disorders. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 23(4), 483–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-020-00324-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Carl, J. R., Jones, D. J., Lindhiem, O. J., Doss, B. D., Weingardt, K. R., Timmons, A. C., & Comer, J. S. (2022). Regulating digital therapeutics for mental health: Opportunities, challenges, and the essential role of psychologists. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(S1), 130–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12286CrossRefPubMed

Cervin, M., & Lundgren, T. (2022). Technology-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy for pediatric anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of remission, posttreatment anxiety, and functioning. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13485CrossRefPubMed

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). L. Erlbaum Associates.

Comer, J. S., Hong, N., Poznanski, B., Silva, K., & Wilson, M. (2019). Evidence base update on the treatment of early childhood anxiety and related problems. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 48(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2018.1534208CrossRefPubMed

Cornacchio, D., Sanchez, A. L., Chou, T., & Comer, J. S. (2017). Chapter 11—Cognitive-behavioral therapy for children and adolescents. In S. G. Hofmann & G. J. G. Asmundson (Eds.), The science of cognitive behavioral therapy (pp. 257–288). Academic Press.CrossRef

Crawford, E. A., Salloum, A., Lewin, A. B., Andel, R., Murphy, T. K., & Storch, E. A. (2013). A pilot study of computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety in community mental health centers. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 27(3), 221–234. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.27.3.221CrossRefPubMed

Creswell, C., Cartwright-Hatton, S., & Rodriguez, N. (2013). Working collaboratively with parents and carers in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). In P. Graham & S. Reynolds (Eds.), Cognitive behaviour therapy for children and families (pp. 91–109). Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Creswell, C., Taylor, L., Giles, S., Howitt, S., Radley, L., Whitaker, E., Brooks, E., Knight, F., Raymont, V., Hill, C., van Santen, J., Williams, N., Mort, S., Harris, V., Yu, S., Pollard, J., Violato, M., Waite, P., & Yu, L.-M. (2024). Digitally augmented, parent-led CBT versus treatment as usual for child anxiety problems in child mental health services in England and Northern Ireland: A pragmatic, non-inferiority, clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 11(3), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00429-7CrossRefPubMed

Creswell, C., Waite, P., & Hudson, J. (2020). Practitioner Review: Anxiety disorders in children and young people—assessment and treatment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(6), 628–643. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13186CrossRefPubMed

Csirmaz, L., Nagy, T., Vikor, F., & Kasos, K. (2024). Cognitive behavioral digital interventions are effective in reducing anxiety in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Prevention, 45(2), 237–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-023-00760-0CrossRefPubMed

Donovan, C. L., & March, S. (2014). Online CBT for preschool anxiety disorders: A randomised control trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.001CrossRefPubMed

Ebert, D. D., Zarski, A.-C., Christensen, H., Stikkelbroek, Y., Cuijpers, P., Berking, M., & Riper, H. (2015). Internet and computer-based cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in youth: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled outcome trials. PLoS ONE, 10(3), e0119895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119895CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Edison Research (2023, June 27). The Infinite Dial 2023 Australia. https://www.edisonresearch.com/the-infinitedial-2023-australia-from-edison-research/

Edwards, S. L., Rapee, R. M., Kennedy, S. J., & Spence, S. H. (2010). The assessment of anxiety symptoms in preschool-aged children: The revised preschool anxiety scale. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 39(3), 400–409. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374411003691701CrossRef

Evans, R., Thirlwall, K., Cooper, P., & Creswell, C. (2017). Using symptom and interference questionnaires to identify recovery among children with anxiety disorders. Psychological Assessment, 29(7), 835–843. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000375CrossRefPubMed

Ewing, D., Pike, A., Dash, S., Hughes, Z., Thompson, E. J., Hazell, C., Ang, C. M., Kucuk, N., Laine, A., & Cartwright-Hatton, S. (2020). Helping parents to help children overcome fear: The influence of a short video tutorial. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 80–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12233CrossRefPubMed

Green, I., Reardon, T., Button, R., Williamson, V., Halliday, G., Hill, C., Larkin, M., Sniehotta, F. F., Ukoumunne, O. C., Ford, T., Spence, S. H., Stallard, P., & Creswell, C. (2023). Increasing access to evidence-based treatment for child anxiety problems: Online parent-led CBT for children identified via schools. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 28(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12612CrossRefPubMed

Grist, R., Croker, A., Denne, M., & Stallard, P. (2018). Technology delivered interventions for depression and anxiety in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 22(2), 147–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0271-8CrossRefPubMedCentral

Guy, W. (1976). Clinical global impressions. ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology. National Institute of Mental Health.

Hill, C., Chessell, C., Percy, R., & Creswell, C. (2022). Online Support and Intervention (OSI) for child anxiety: A case series within routine clinical practice. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 50(4), 429–445. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465822000157CrossRefPubMed

Howes, S. T., Gorey, K. M., & Charron, C. M. (2021). Relative effectiveness of online cognitive behavioural therapy with anxious or depressed young people: Rapid review and meta-analysis. Australian Social Work. https://doi.org/10.1080/0312407x.2021.2001832CrossRef

Infantino, A., Donovan, C. L., & March, S. (2016). A randomized controlled trial of an audio-based treatment program for child anxiety disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 79, 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.02.007CrossRefPubMed

James, A. C., Reardon, T., Soler, A., James, G., & Creswell, C. (2020). Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013162.pub2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Jewell, C., Wittkowski, A., & Pratt, D. (2022). The impact of parent-only interventions on child anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 309, 324–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.082CrossRefPubMed

Jolstedt, M., Ljótsson, B., Fredlander, S., Tedgård, T., Hallberg, A., Ekeljung, A., Högström, J., Mataix-Cols, D., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2018a). Implementation of internet-delivered CBT for children with anxiety disorders in a rural area: A feasibility trial. Internet Interventions, 12, 121–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2017.11.003CrossRefPubMed

Jolstedt, M., Vigerland, S., Mataix-Cols, D., Ljótsson, B., Wahlund, T., Nord, M., Högström, J., Öst, L. G., & Serlachius, E. (2021). Long-term outcomes of internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for paediatric anxiety disorders: Towards a stepped care model of health care delivery. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(11), 1723–1732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01645-xCrossRefPubMed

Jolstedt, M., Wahlund, T., Lenhard, F., Ljótsson, B., Mataix-Cols, D., Nord, M., Öst, L. G., Högström, J., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2018b). Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet cognitive behavioural therapy for paediatric anxiety disorders: A single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2(11), 792–801. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30275-XCrossRef

Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Rao, U., Flynn, C., Moreci, P., Williamson, D., & Ryan, N. (1997). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): Initial reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(7), 980–988. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021CrossRefPubMed

Kessler, R. C., Barker, P. R., Colpe, L. J., Epstein, J. F., Gfroerer, J. C., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Normand, S. L., Manderscheid, R. W., Walters, E. E., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2003). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(2), 184–189. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.2.184CrossRefPubMed

Khanna, M. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2010). Computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for child anxiety: Results of a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(5), 737–745. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019739CrossRefPubMed

Klingberg, G. (1994). Reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the dental subscale of the children’s fear survey schedule. CFSS-DS. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 52(4), 255–256. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016359409029055CrossRefPubMed

Kreuze, L. J., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., De Jonge, Y. B., & Nauta, M. H. (2018). Cognitive-behavior therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of secondary outcomes. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 60, 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.10.005CrossRefPubMed

Lawrence, P. J., Parkinson, M., Jasper, B., Creswell, C., & Halligan, S. L. (2021). Supporting the parents of children and young people with anxiety and depressive disorders is an opportunity not to be missed: A scoping review. Lancet Psychiatry, 8(10), 909–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30315-1CrossRefPubMed

Lebowitz, E. R., & Majdick, J. M. (2020). SPACE, parent-based treatment for childhood and adolescent anxiety: Clinical case illustration. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 34(2), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1891/JCPSY-D-19-00028CrossRef

Lebowitz, E. R., Marin, C., Martino, A., Shimshoni, Y., & Silverman, W. K. (2020). Parent-based treatment as efficacious as cognitive-behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety: A randomized noninferiority study of supportive parenting for anxious childhood emotions. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(3), 362–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.02.014CrossRefPubMed

Lee, P., Zehgeer, A., Ginsburg, G. S., McCracken, J., Keeton, C., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Sakolsky, D., Walkup, J., Peris, T., Albano, A. M., & Compton, S. (2019). Child and adolescent adherence with cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety: Predictors and associations with outcomes. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(Sup1), S215–S226. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2017.1310046CrossRef

Manassis, K., Lee, T. C., Bennett, K., Zhao, X. Y., Mendlowitz, S., Duda, S., Saini, M., Wilansky, P., Baer, S., Barrett, P., Bodden, D., Cobham, V. E., Dadds, M. R., Flannery-Schroeder, E., Ginsburg, G., Heyne, D., Hudson, J. L., Kendall, P. C., Liber, J., & Wood, J. J. (2014). Types of parental involvement in CBT with anxious youth: A preliminary meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82(6), 1163–1172. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036969CrossRefPubMed

March, J. S., Parker, J. D., Sullivan, K., Stallings, P., & Conners, C. K. (1997). The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC): Factor structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(4), 554–565. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199704000-00019CrossRefPubMed

March, S., Spence, S. H., & Donovan, C. L. (2009). The efficacy of an Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention for child anxiety disorders. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34(5), 474–487. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsn099CrossRefPubMed

McGorry, P. D., Coghill, D., & Berk, M. (2023). Mental health of young Australians: Dealing with a public health crisis. Medical Journal of Australia, 219(6), 246–249. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.52047CrossRefPubMed

Moor, S., Williman, J., Drummond, S., Fulton, C., Mayes, W., Ward, N., Dovenberg, E., Whitaker, C., & Stasiak, K. (2019). ‘E’ therapy in the community: Examination of the uptake and effectiveness of BRAVE (a self-help computer programme for anxiety in children and adolescents) in primary care. Internet Interventions. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2019.100249CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Morgan, A. J., Rapee, R. M., & Bayer, J. K. (2016). Prevention and early intervention of anxiety problems in young children: A pilot evaluation of Cool Little Kids Online. Internet Interventions, 4(P2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2016.05.001CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Morgan, A. J., Rapee, R. M., Salim, A., & Bayer, J. K. (2018). Predicting response to an internet-delivered parenting program for anxiety in early childhood. Behavior Therapy, 49(2), 237–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.009CrossRefPubMed

Morgan, A. J., Rapee, R. M., Salim, A., Goharpey, N., Tamir, E., McLellan, L. F., & Bayer, J. K. (2017). Internet-delivered parenting program for prevention and early intervention of anxiety problems in young children: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(5), 417–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.02.010CrossRefPubMed

Munn, Z., Barker, T. H., Moola, S., Tufanaru, C., Stern, C., McArthur, A., Stephenson, M., & Aromataris, E. (2020). Methodological quality of case series studies: An introduction to the JBI critical appraisal tool. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(10), 2127–2133. https://doi.org/10.11124/jbisrir-d-19-00099CrossRefPubMed

Nauta, M. H., Scholing, A., Rapee, R. M., Abbott, M., Spence, S. H., & Waters, A. (2004). A parent-report measure of children’s anxiety: Psychometric properties and comparison with child-report in a clinic and normal sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(7), 813–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00200-6CrossRefPubMed

Newman, M. G., Szkodny, L. E., Llera, S. J., & Przeworski, A. (2011). A review of technology-assisted self-help and minimal contact therapies for anxiety and depression: Is human contact necessary for therapeutic efficacy? Clinical Psychology Review, 31(1), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.09.008CrossRefPubMed

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., . . . Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 134, 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001

Peris, T. S., Thamrin, H., & Rozenman, M. S. (2021). Family intervention for child and adolescent anxiety: A meta-analytic review of therapy targets, techniques, and outcomes. Journal of Affective Disorders, 286, 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.053CrossRefPubMed

Podina, I. R., Mogoase, C., David, D., Szentagotai, A., & Dobrean, A. (2016). A meta-analysis on the efficacy of technology mediated CBT for anxious children and adolescents. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 34(1), 31–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-015-0228-5CrossRef

Ramos, G., Hernandez-Ramos, R., Taylor, M., & Schueller, S. M. (2024). State of the science: Using digital mental health interventions to extend the impact of psychological services. Behavior Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2024.04.004CrossRefPubMed

Reardon, T., Harvey, K., & Creswell, C. (2020). Seeking and accessing professional support for child anxiety in a community sample. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(5), 649–664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01388-4CrossRef

Reardon, T., Spence, S. H., Hesse, J., Shakir, A., & Creswell, C. (2018). Identifying children with anxiety disorders using brief versions of the spence children’s anxiety scale for children, parents, and teachers. Psychological Assessment, 30(10), 1342–1355. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000570CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Reuman, L., Thompson-Hollands, J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2021). Better together: A review and recommendations to optimize research on family involvement in cbt for anxiety and related disorders. Behavior Therapy, 52(3), 594–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2020.07.008CrossRefPubMed

Reynolds, C., & Richmond, B. O. (1987). Revised children’s manifest anxiety scale. Psychological Assessment, 5(1), 77–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/073428298700500110CrossRef

Rooksby, M., Elouafkaoui, P., Humphris, G., Clarkson, J., & Freeman, R. (2015). Internet-assisted delivery of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 29(1), 83–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.11.006CrossRefPubMed

Salloum, A., Andel, R., Lewin, A. B., Johnco, C., McBride, N. M., & Storch, E. A. (2018). Family accommodation as a predictor of cognitive-behavioral treatment outcome for childhood anxiety. Families in Society, 99(1), 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044389418756326CrossRef

Sapru, I., Khalid-Khan, S., Choi, E., Alavi, N., Patel, A., Sutton, C., Odejayi, G., & Calancie, O. G. (2018). Effectiveness of online versus live multi-family psychoeducation group therapy for children and adolescents with mood or anxiety disorders: A pilot study. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 30(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2016-0069CrossRef

Schibbye, R., Hedman-Lagerlöf, E., Kaldo, V., Dahllöf, G., & Shahnavaz, S. (2024). Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with dental or injection phobia: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e42322. https://doi.org/10.2196/42322CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Shaffer, D., Gould, M. S., Brasic, J., Ambrosini, P., Fisher, P., Bird, H., & Aluwahlia, S. (1983). A children’s global assessment scale (CGAS). Archives of General Psychiatry, 40(11), 1228–1231. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010CrossRefPubMed

Shahnavaz, S., Hedman-Lagerlof, E., Hasselblad, T., Reuterskiold, L., Kaldo, V., & Dahllof, G. (2018). Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with dental anxiety: Open trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7803CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). The anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV-child and parent versions. Graywinds Publications.

Spence, S. H. (1998). A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36(5), 545. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00034-5CrossRefPubMed

Spence, S. H., Donovan, C. L., March, S., Kenardy, J. A., & Hearn, C. S. (2017). Generic versus disorder specific cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder in youth: A randomized controlled trial using internet delivery. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 90, 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.003CrossRefPubMed

Spence, S. H., Holmes, J. M., March, S., & Lipp, O. V. (2006). The feasibility and outcome of clinic plus Internet delivery of cognitive-behavior therapy for childhood anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 614–621. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.614CrossRefPubMed

Spence, S. H., Prosser, S. J., March, S., & Donovan, C. L. (2020). Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy with minimal therapist support for anxious children and adolescents: Predictors of response. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(8), 914–927. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13257CrossRefPubMed

Spence, S. H., Rapee, R., McDonald, C., & Ingram, M. (2001). The structure of anxiety symptoms among preschoolers. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39(11), 1293–1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00098-XCrossRefPubMed

Stasiak, K., Merry, S. N., Frampton, C., & Moor, S. (2018). Delivering solid treatments on shaky ground: Feasibility study of an online therapy for child anxiety in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Psychotherapy Research, 28(4), 643–653. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2016.1244617CrossRefPubMed

Stenberg, J. H. (2019). Lähete nettiterapiaan onnistuu kaikkialta Suomesta [A referral to online therapy can be made from anywhere in Finland]. Suomen lääkärilehti, 74(43), 2454–2456. https://www.laakarilehti.fi/pdf/2019/SLL432019-2454.pdf

Sterne, J. A. C., Savović, J., Page, M. J., Elbers, R. G., Blencowe, N. S., Boutron, I., Cates, C. J., Cheng, H. Y., Corbett, M. S., Eldridge, S. M., Emberson, J. R., Hernán, M. A., Hopewell, S., Hróbjartsson, A., Junqueira, D. R., Jüni, P., Kirkham, J. J., Lasserson, T., Li, T., & Higgins, J. P. T. (2019). RoB 2: A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 366, l4898. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4898CrossRefPubMed

Stiles-Shields, C., Ho, J., & Mohr, D. C. (2016). A review of design characteristics of cognitive behavioral therapy-informed behavioral intervention technologies for youth with depression and anxiety. Digital Health. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616675706CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Storch, E. A., Salloum, A., King, M. A., Crawford, E. A., Andel, R., McBride, N. M., & Lewin, A. B. (2015). A randomized controlled trial in community mental health centers of computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy versus treatment as usual for children with anxiety. Depression and Anxiety, 32(11), 843–852. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22399CrossRefPubMed

Teunisse, A. K., Pembroke, L., O’Gradey-Lee, M., Sy, M., Rapee, R. M., Wuthrich, V. M., Creswell, C., & Hudson, J. L. (2022). A scoping review investigating the use of exposure for the treatment and targeted prevention of anxiety and related disorders in young people. JCPP Advances, 2(2), e12080. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12080CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Torous, J., Bucci, S., Bell, I. H., Kessing, L. V., Faurholt-Jepsen, M., Whelan, P., Carvalho, A. F., Keshavan, M., Linardon, J., & Firth, J. (2021). The growing field of digital psychiatry: Current evidence and the future of apps, social media, chatbots, and virtual reality. World Psychiatry, 20(3), 318–335. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20883CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Torres-Duque, C. A., Patino, C. M., & Ferreira, J. C. (2020). Case series: An essential study design to build knowledge and pose hypotheses for rare and new diseases. Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia, 46(4), e20200389. https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20200389CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Tozzi, F., Nicolaidou, I., Galani, A., & Antoniades, A. (2018). eHealth interventions for anxiety management targeting young children and adolescents: Exploratory review. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, 1(1), e5. https://doi.org/10.2196/pediatrics.7248CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Tufanaru, C., Munn, Z., Aromataris, E., Campbell, J., & Hopp, L. (2020). Systematic reviews of effectiveness. In E. Aromataris & Z. Munn (Eds.), JBI manual for evidence synthesis. JBI.

Vermeulen, K., Thas, O., & Vansteelandt, S. (2015). Increasing the power of the Mann-Whitney test in randomized experiments through flexible covariate adjustment. Statistics in Medicine, 34(6), 1012–1030. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6386CrossRefPubMed

Vigerland, S., Lenhard, F., Bonnert, M., Lalouni, M., Hedman, E., Ahlen, J., Olén, O., Serlachius, E., & Ljótsson, B. (2016a). Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 50, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.09.005CrossRefPubMed

Vigerland, S., Ljotsson, B., Thulin, U., Ost, L. G., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2016b). Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for children with anxiety disorders: A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 76, 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.11.006CrossRefPubMed

Vigerland, S., Serlachius, E., Thulin, U., Andersson, G., Larsson, J.-O., & Ljotsson, B. (2017). Long-term outcomes and predictors of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 90, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.008CrossRefPubMed

Vigerland, S., Thulin, U., Ljotsson, B., Svirsky, L., Ost, L.-G., Lindefors, N., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2013). Internet-delivered CBT for children with specific phobia: A pilot study. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 42(4), 303–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2013.844201CrossRefPubMed

Wehry, A. M., Beesdo-Baum, K., Hennelly, M. M., Connolly, S. D., & Strawn, J. R. (2015). Assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Current Psychiatry Reports. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-015-0591-zCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Whiteside, S. P. H., Sim, L. A., Morrow, A. S., Farah, W. H., Hilliker, D. R., Murad, M. H., & Wang, Z. (2020). A meta-analysis to guide the enhancement of CBT for childhood anxiety: Exposure over anxiety management. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 23(1), 102–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-019-00303-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.xCrossRefPubMed

Titel: A Systematic Review of Parental Involvement in Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions for Child Anxiety
Auteurs: Meri M. V. Grajdan
Evren Etel
Lara J. Farrell
Caroline L. Donovan
Publicatiedatum: 07-11-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review / Uitgave 1/2025
Print ISSN: 1096-4037
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2827
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-024-00505-3

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2025

Manualised Attachment-Based Interventions for Improving Caregiver-Infant Relationships: A Two-Stage Systematic Review

Open Access

Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Open Access

Correction: Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Open Access
Correction

Parenting Experiences in the Context of Parental Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of the Qualitative Literature

Open Access

Where Is the Parent’s Voice? A Meta-Synthesis of Parental Experiences of Video Feedback Parenting Interventions

Open Access

Multi-Informant Universal Mental Health Screening for Preschool-Aged Children by Parents and Educators: A PRISMA Systematic Review

Open Access

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

A Systematic Review of Parental Involvement in Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions for Child Anxiety

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2025

Manualised Attachment-Based Interventions for Improving Caregiver-Infant Relationships: A Two-Stage Systematic Review

Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Correction: Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Parenting Experiences in the Context of Parental Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of the Qualitative Literature

Where Is the Parent’s Voice? A Meta-Synthesis of Parental Experiences of Video Feedback Parenting Interventions

Multi-Informant Universal Mental Health Screening for Preschool-Aged Children by Parents and Educators: A PRISMA Systematic Review

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Registreer

Login

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Manualised Attachment-Based Interventions for Improving Caregiver-Infant Relationships: A Two-Stage Systematic Review

Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Correction: Siblings of Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Integrative Review of the Empirical Literature

Parenting Experiences in the Context of Parental Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of the Qualitative Literature

Where Is the Parent’s Voice? A Meta-Synthesis of Parental Experiences of Video Feedback Parenting Interventions

Multi-Informant Universal Mental Health Screening for Preschool-Aged Children by Parents and Educators: A PRISMA Systematic Review