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2024 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

4. Beginselen van mechanische beademing

Auteur : Hans ter Haar

Gepubliceerd in: Mechanische beademing op de intensive care

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Een beademingsmachine brengt een lucht-zuurstofmengsel met een bepaalde druk in het respiratoire systeem. Op de intensive care, operatiekamer en spoedeisende hulp wordt alleen positieve drukbeademing gebruikt. De positieve druk brengt een volumestroom van machine naar patiënt op gang, die uiteindelijk resulteert in een teugvolume. Teugvolumes bepalen met de ademfrequentie het ademminuutvolume en dienen op het voorspeld lichaamsgewicht gebaseerd te zijn. Hoeveel druk nodig is voor een bepaald teugvolume hangt onder andere af van de weerstand en elasticiteit van het respiratoire systeem en de activiteit van de patiënt. De benodigde druk is gerelateerd aan de ernst van de situatie; een hoge druk duidt op problemen en vraagt aandacht van de operator. Tijdens de expiratie blijft een positieve druk in het systeem gehandhaafd, de positief eind-expiratoire druk, hiermee wordt alveolaire collaps voorkomen. Mechanische beademing kan invasief of non-invasief zijn, het verschil zit vooral in de gebruikte interface: bij invasieve beademing wordt een endotracheale tube of tracheacanule gebruikt, bij non-invasieve beademing een masker of helm.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Beginselen van mechanische beademing
Auteur
Hans ter Haar
Copyright
2024
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-3031-7_4