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01-01-2008 | Onderzoek

De zakelijke huisarts en de niet-mondige patiënt: veranderingen in communicatie

Een observatieonderzoek naar consulten met hypertensiepatiënten

Auteurs: JM Bensing, F Tromp, S van Dulmen, A van den Brink-Muinen, W Verheul, F Schellevis

Gepubliceerd in: Huisarts en wetenschap | Uitgave 1/2008

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Samenvatting

Bensing JM, Tromp F, Van Dulmen S, Van den Brink-Muinen A, Verheul W, Schellevis FG. De zakelijke huisarts en de niet-mondige patiënt: veranderingen in communicatie. Een observatieonderzoek naar consulten met hypertensiepatiënten. Huisarts Wet 2008;51(1):6-12.
Doel Vaststellen of er in de loop der jaren veranderingen zijn opgetreden in de communicatie tussen huisartsen en hun (hypertensie)patiënten. We startten het onderzoek met twee hypothesen: ten eerste verwachtten we dat huisartsen zich in de communicatie met patiënten de laatste jaren zakelijker en biomedischer zijn gaan opstellen, als gevolg van het standaardenbeleid en de gegroeide nadruk op efficiency in de gezondheidszorg; ten tweede verwachtten we dat patiënten juist mondiger zijn geworden, wat zich zou moeten uiten in meer vragen en een actievere deelname aan het medisch consult.
Methoden Wij hebben een secundaire analyse uitgevoerd op bestaand videomateriaal van doorsnee huisartsconsulten uit 1986 en 2002. De twee onderzoeken waarin deze gegevens verzameld werden, gebruikten precies dezelfde methodologie en tussen de groepen patiënten bestonden geen sekse- of leeftijdsverschillen van betekenis. Uit de bestaande datasets selecteerden wij de hypertensieconsulten (102 in 1986; 108 in 2002). De communicatie tussen arts en patiënt codeerden wij met behulp van het Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS), op de coderingen pasten wij vervolgens een multilevelanalyse toe.
Resultaten Anders dan wij verwachtten, waren de patiënten in 2002 juist minder actief dan zestien jaar tevoren: zij praatten minder, namen minder initiatieven, stelden minder vragen en uitten minder zorgen. Artsen stelden in 2002 meer biomedische vragen en gaven meer biomedische informatie, maar toonden minder hun compassie met de patiënt en zochten minder vaak de dialoog. Over het geheel genomen hadden de consulten in 2002 een meer biomedisch karakter gekregen en waren ze zakelijker geworden dan zestien jaar tevoren.
Conclusie De veronderstelling dat huisartsen een gelijkwaardiger relatie hebben gekregen met patiënten, die actieve en kritische consumenten zijn geworden, wordt niet gereflecteerd in onze steekproef van hypertensiepatiënten. De belangrijkste verandering die wij waarnamen was dat het communicatiepatroon van de huisarts zakelijker en taakgerichter was geworden. De recente nadruk op evidence-based geneeskunde en protocolgestuurde zorg worden hierin gereflecteerd. Ook de introductie van de computer in de huisartsenpraktijk kan hierin een rol spelen. Men kan dus wel wat vraagtekens zetten bij het vermeende vermogen van de moderne geneeskunde om patiënten te helpen hun zorgen te uiten.
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Metagegevens
Titel
De zakelijke huisarts en de niet-mondige patiënt: veranderingen in communicatie
Een observatieonderzoek naar consulten met hypertensiepatiënten
Auteurs
JM Bensing
F Tromp
S van Dulmen
A van den Brink-Muinen
W Verheul
F Schellevis
Publicatiedatum
01-01-2008
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Huisarts en wetenschap / Uitgave 1/2008
Print ISSN: 0018-7070
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5912
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086628