Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Scalda heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen.Je kunt de producten hieronder links aanschaffen en rechts inloggen.
21-04-2025 | Original Paper
Family Stressors Impact Adolescents’ Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms During COVID-19
Auteurs: Frances M. Lobo, Anna M. Zhou, Nora A. Tucker, Sarah Myruski, Koraly Pérez-Edgar, Kristin A. Buss
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies
Log in om toegang te krijgenshare
DELEN
Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)
-
Optie A:
-
Optie B:Deel de link per e-mail
Abstract
Stay-at-home orders and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have been associated with increased stress, changes in youths’ routines, and greater uncertainty within the family system. There is evidence that the pandemic has led to changes in adolescent symptomatology, although heterogeneity in findings suggests that other factors may also play a role. We examined how family-level stressors were associated with parent- and youth-reported youth anxiety and depressive symptoms six months later during the first year of the pandemic. Data were collected from 259 youth (Mage = 15.38, SD = 1.65) and their families in Pennsylvania and the surrounding region from August 2020 to May 2021. Anxiety and depression presented differential patterns in response to COVID-19. We observed strong stability in parent-reported symptoms across this period, and moderate stability in youth reports of their depressive symptoms. Parent-reported COVID-19 pandemic impact on the family (e.g., job changes) was positively associated with parent reports of youth anxiety both concurrently and six months later, but not with parent reports of youth depressive symptoms. Controlling for the financial, health, and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the family, youth-reported household chaos was positively associated with parent reports of youth depressive symptoms six months later. Youth reports of family conflict concerns were positively associated with their self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms six months later. These results highlight the importance of considering the family system in understanding differences in adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms during broader geopolitical stressful life events.
Log in om toegang te krijgen
Literatuur
go back to reference Adams, E. L., Smith, D., Caccavale, L. J., & Bean, M. K. (2021). Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 626456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.626456.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Adams, E. L., Smith, D., Caccavale, L. J., & Bean, M. K. (2021). Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 626456. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.626456.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Afriat, M., De France, K., Stack, D. M., Serbin, L. A., & Hollenstein, T. (2023). Relationship quality andmental health implications for adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(2), 544–554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02519-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Afriat, M., De France, K., Stack, D. M., Serbin, L. A., & Hollenstein, T. (2023). Relationship quality andmental health implications for adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(2), 544–554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02519-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Bentler, P. M. & Chou, C. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16(1), 78–117.https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004.CrossRef
Bentler, P. M. & Chou, C. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16(1), 78–117.https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004.CrossRef
go back to reference Birmaher, B., Brent, D. A., Chiappetta, L., Bridge, J., Monga, S., & Baugher, M. (1999). Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): A replication study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(10), 1230–1236. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199910000-00011.CrossRefPubMed
Birmaher, B., Brent, D. A., Chiappetta, L., Bridge, J., Monga, S., & Baugher, M. (1999). Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): A replication study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(10), 1230–1236. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199910000-00011.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Branje, S., & Morris, A. S. (2021). The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on adolescent emotional, social, and academic adjustment. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(3), 486–499.https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12668.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Branje, S., & Morris, A. S. (2021). The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on adolescent emotional, social, and academic adjustment. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(3), 486–499.https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12668.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Bronfenbrenner, U., & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00114.CrossRef
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00114.CrossRef
go back to reference Brown, S. M., Doom, J. R., Lechuga-Peña, S., Watamura, S. E., & Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect, 110(Part 2), Article 104699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104699.CrossRef
Brown, S. M., Doom, J. R., Lechuga-Peña, S., Watamura, S. E., & Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect, 110(Part 2), Article 104699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104699.CrossRef
go back to reference Browne, D. T., Wade, M., May, S. S., Jenkins, J. M., & Prime, H. (2021). COVID-19 disruption gets inside the family: A two-month multilevel study of family stress during the pandemic. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1681–1692. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001237.CrossRefPubMed
Browne, D. T., Wade, M., May, S. S., Jenkins, J. M., & Prime, H. (2021). COVID-19 disruption gets inside the family: A two-month multilevel study of family stress during the pandemic. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1681–1692. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001237.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Buss, K. A., Myruski, S., Pérez-Edgar, K., Wadsworth, M. & Dorn, L. (2023). Study protocol: Temperament, evolving emotions, and neuroscience study. PsyArXiv Preprints.
Buss, K. A., Myruski, S., Pérez-Edgar, K., Wadsworth, M. & Dorn, L. (2023). Study protocol: Temperament, evolving emotions, and neuroscience study. PsyArXiv Preprints.
go back to reference Calvano, C., Engelke, L., Di Bella, J., Kindermann, J., Renneberg, B., & Winter, S. M. (2022). Families in the COVID-19 pandemic: Parental stress, parent mental health and the occurrence of adverse childhood experiences—results of a representative survey in Germany. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(7), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01739-0.CrossRef
Calvano, C., Engelke, L., Di Bella, J., Kindermann, J., Renneberg, B., & Winter, S. M. (2022). Families in the COVID-19 pandemic: Parental stress, parent mental health and the occurrence of adverse childhood experiences—results of a representative survey in Germany. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(7), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01739-0.CrossRef
go back to reference Campione‐Barr, N., Skinner, A., Moeller, K., Cui, L., Kealy, C., & Cookston, J. (2025). The role of family relationships on adolescents’ development and adjustment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 35(1), e12969.CrossRefPubMed
Campione‐Barr, N., Skinner, A., Moeller, K., Cui, L., Kealy, C., & Cookston, J. (2025). The role of family relationships on adolescents’ development and adjustment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 35(1), e12969.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cassinat, J. R., Whiteman, S. D., Serang, S., Dotterer, A. M., Mustillo, S. A., Maggs, J. L., & Kelly, B. C. (2021). Changes in family chaos and family relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1597–1610. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001217.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Cassinat, J. R., Whiteman, S. D., Serang, S., Dotterer, A. M., Mustillo, S. A., Maggs, J. L., & Kelly, B. C. (2021). Changes in family chaos and family relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1597–1610. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001217.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). Impact of the 2020 pandemic of COVID-19 on families with school-aged children in the United States: Roles of income level and race. Journal of Family Issues, 43(3), 719–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X21994153.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). Impact of the 2020 pandemic of COVID-19 on families with school-aged children in the United States: Roles of income level and race. Journal of Family Issues, 43(3), 719–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X21994153.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative (2021). National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data query. Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). Retrieved June 14, 2023 from https://www.childhealthdata.org/.
Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative (2021). National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data query. Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). Retrieved June 14, 2023 from https://www.childhealthdata.org/.
go back to reference Cohodes, E. M., McCauley, S., & Gee, D. G. (2021). Parental buffering of stress in the time of COVID-19: Family-level factors may moderate the association between pandemic-related stress and youth symptomatology. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49(7), 935–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00732-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Cohodes, E. M., McCauley, S., & Gee, D. G. (2021). Parental buffering of stress in the time of COVID-19: Family-level factors may moderate the association between pandemic-related stress and youth symptomatology. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49(7), 935–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00732-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Coldwell, J., Pike, A., & Dunn, J. (2006). Household chaos–links with parenting and child behaviour. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(11), 1116–1122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01655.x.CrossRefPubMed
Coldwell, J., Pike, A., & Dunn, J. (2006). Household chaos–links with parenting and child behaviour. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(11), 1116–1122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01655.x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Conger, R. D., & Donnellan, M. B. (2007). An interactionist perspective on the socioeconomic context of human development. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 175–199. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085551.CrossRefPubMed
Conger, R. D., & Donnellan, M. B. (2007). An interactionist perspective on the socioeconomic context of human development. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 175–199. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085551.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Copeland, W. E., Angold, A., Shanahan, L., & Costello, E. J. (2014). Longitudinal patterns of anxiety from childhood to adulthood: The great smoky mountains study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.017.CrossRefPubMed
Copeland, W. E., Angold, A., Shanahan, L., & Costello, E. J. (2014). Longitudinal patterns of anxiety from childhood to adulthood: The great smoky mountains study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.017.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Shanahan, L., & Costello, E. J. (2015). Adult functional outcomes of common childhood psychiatric problems: A prospective, longitudinal study. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(9), 892–899. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0730.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Shanahan, L., & Costello, E. J. (2015). Adult functional outcomes of common childhood psychiatric problems: A prospective, longitudinal study. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(9), 892–899. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0730.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Cost, K. T., Crosbie, J., Anagnostou, E., Birken, C. S., Charach, A., Monga, S., Kelley, E., Nicolson, R., Maguire, J. L., Burton, C. L., Schachar, R. J., Arnold, P. D., & Korczak, D. J. (2021). Mostly worse, occasionally better: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Canadian children and adolescents. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01744-3.CrossRef
Cost, K. T., Crosbie, J., Anagnostou, E., Birken, C. S., Charach, A., Monga, S., Kelley, E., Nicolson, R., Maguire, J. L., Burton, C. L., Schachar, R. J., Arnold, P. D., & Korczak, D. J. (2021). Mostly worse, occasionally better: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Canadian children and adolescents. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01744-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Costa, N. M., Weems, C. F., & Pina, A. A. (2009). Hurricane katrina and youth anxiety: The role of perceived attachment beliefs and parenting behaviors. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(7), 935–941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.06.002.CrossRefPubMed
Costa, N. M., Weems, C. F., & Pina, A. A. (2009). Hurricane katrina and youth anxiety: The role of perceived attachment beliefs and parenting behaviors. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(7), 935–941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.06.002.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cummings, E. M., Koss, K. J., & Davies, P. T. (2015). Prospective relations between family conflict and adolescent maladjustment: Security in the family system as a mediating process. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43(3), 503–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-014-9926-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Cummings, E. M., Koss, K. J., & Davies, P. T. (2015). Prospective relations between family conflict and adolescent maladjustment: Security in the family system as a mediating process. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43(3), 503–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-014-9926-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference De France, K., Hancock, G. R., Stack, D. M., Serbin, L. A., & Hollenstein, T. (2021). The mental health implications of COVID-19 for adolescents: Follow-up of a four-wave longitudinal study during the pandemic. American Psychologist, 77(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000838.CrossRefPubMed
De France, K., Hancock, G. R., Stack, D. M., Serbin, L. A., & Hollenstein, T. (2021). The mental health implications of COVID-19 for adolescents: Follow-up of a four-wave longitudinal study during the pandemic. American Psychologist, 77(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000838.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference De Los Reyes, A. (2011). Introduction to the special section: More than measurement error: Discovering meaning behind informant discrepancies in clinical assessments of children and adolescents [Editorial]. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2011.533405.CrossRef
De Los Reyes, A. (2011). Introduction to the special section: More than measurement error: Discovering meaning behind informant discrepancies in clinical assessments of children and adolescents [Editorial]. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2011.533405.CrossRef
go back to reference Dumas, J. E., Nissley, J., Nordstrom, A., Smith, E. P., Prinz, R. J., & Levine, D. W. (2005). Home chaos: Sociodemographic, parenting, interactional, and child correlates. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_9.CrossRefPubMed
Dumas, J. E., Nissley, J., Nordstrom, A., Smith, E. P., Prinz, R. J., & Levine, D. W. (2005). Home chaos: Sociodemographic, parenting, interactional, and child correlates. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_9.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ellis, W. E., Dumas, T. M., & Forbes, L. M. (2020). Physically isolated but socially connected: Psychological adjustment and stress among adolescents during the initial COVID-19 crisis. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 52(3), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000215.CrossRef
Ellis, W. E., Dumas, T. M., & Forbes, L. M. (2020). Physically isolated but socially connected: Psychological adjustment and stress among adolescents during the initial COVID-19 crisis. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 52(3), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000215.CrossRef
go back to reference El-Sheikh, M., & Erath, S. A. (2011). Family conflict, autonomic nervous system functioning, and child adaptation: State of the science and future directions. Development and Psychopathology, 23(2), 703–721. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000034.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
El-Sheikh, M., & Erath, S. A. (2011). Family conflict, autonomic nervous system functioning, and child adaptation: State of the science and future directions. Development and Psychopathology, 23(2), 703–721. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000034.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Fiese, B. H., & Winter, M. A. (2010). The dynamics of family chaos and its relation to children’s socioemotional well-being. In G. W. Evans & T. D. Wachs (Eds.), Chaos and its influence on children’s development: An ecological perspective (pp. 49–66). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12057-004.
Fiese, B. H., & Winter, M. A. (2010). The dynamics of family chaos and its relation to children’s socioemotional well-being. In G. W. Evans & T. D. Wachs (Eds.), Chaos and its influence on children’s development: An ecological perspective (pp. 49–66). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12057-004.
go back to reference Fosco, G. M., & Lydon-Staley, D. M. (2020). Implications of family cohesion and conflict for adolescent mood and well-being: Examining within- and between-family processes on a daily timescale. Family Process, 59(4), 1672–1689. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12515.CrossRefPubMed
Fosco, G. M., & Lydon-Staley, D. M. (2020). Implications of family cohesion and conflict for adolescent mood and well-being: Examining within- and between-family processes on a daily timescale. Family Process, 59(4), 1672–1689. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12515.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ge, L., Yap, C. W., Ong, R., & Heng, B. H. (2017). Social isolation, loneliness and their relationships with depressive symptoms: A population-based study. PLoS ONE, 12(8), Article e0182145. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182145.CrossRefPubMed
Ge, L., Yap, C. W., Ong, R., & Heng, B. H. (2017). Social isolation, loneliness and their relationships with depressive symptoms: A population-based study. PLoS ONE, 12(8), Article e0182145. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182145.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ge, X., Conger, R. D., & Elder, Jr, G. H. (2001). Pubertal transition, stressful life events, and the emergence of sex differences in adolescent depressive symptoms. Developmental Psychology, 37(3), 404–417. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.3.404.CrossRefPubMed
Ge, X., Conger, R. D., & Elder, Jr, G. H. (2001). Pubertal transition, stressful life events, and the emergence of sex differences in adolescent depressive symptoms. Developmental Psychology, 37(3), 404–417. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.37.3.404.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Giannotti, M., Mazzoni, N., Bentenuto, A., Venuti, P., & de Falco, S. (2021). Family adjustment to COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy: Parental stress, coparenting, and child externalizing behavior. Family Process, 61(2), 745–763. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12686.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Giannotti, M., Mazzoni, N., Bentenuto, A., Venuti, P., & de Falco, S. (2021). Family adjustment to COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy: Parental stress, coparenting, and child externalizing behavior. Family Process, 61(2), 745–763. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12686.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Grasso, D. J., Briggs-Gowan, M. J., Ford, J. D., & Carter, A. S. (2020). Epidemic-pandemic impacts inventory. Farmington, CT: University of Connecticut School of Medicine.
Grasso, D. J., Briggs-Gowan, M. J., Ford, J. D., & Carter, A. S. (2020). Epidemic-pandemic impacts inventory. Farmington, CT: University of Connecticut School of Medicine.
go back to reference Hames, J. L., Hagan, C. R., & Joiner, T. E. (2013). Interpersonal processes in depression. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 355–377. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185553.CrossRefPubMed
Hames, J. L., Hagan, C. R., & Joiner, T. E. (2013). Interpersonal processes in depression. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 355–377. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185553.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hanno, E. C., Cuartas, J., Miratrix, L. W., Jones, S. M., & Lesaux, N. K. (2022). Changes in children’s behavioral health and family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 43(3), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000001010.CrossRefPubMed
Hanno, E. C., Cuartas, J., Miratrix, L. W., Jones, S. M., & Lesaux, N. K. (2022). Changes in children’s behavioral health and family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 43(3), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000001010.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hawes, M. T., Szenczy, A. K., Klein, D. N., Hajcak, G., & Nelson, B. D. (2022). Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Medicine, 52, 3222–3230. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005358.CrossRefPubMed
Hawes, M. T., Szenczy, A. K., Klein, D. N., Hajcak, G., & Nelson, B. D. (2022). Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Medicine, 52, 3222–3230. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005358.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Herrenkohl, T. I., Kosterman, R., Hawkins, J. D., & Mason, W. A. (2009). Effects of growth in family conflict in adolescence on adult depressive symptoms: Mediating and moderating effects of stress and school bonding. Journal of Adolescent Health, 44(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.005.CrossRef
Herrenkohl, T. I., Kosterman, R., Hawkins, J. D., & Mason, W. A. (2009). Effects of growth in family conflict in adolescence on adult depressive symptoms: Mediating and moderating effects of stress and school bonding. Journal of Adolescent Health, 44(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.005.CrossRef
go back to reference Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118.CrossRef
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118.CrossRef
go back to reference Human, L. J., Dirks, M. A., DeLongis, A., & Chen, E. (2016). Congruence and incongruence in adolescents’ and parents’ perceptions of the family: Using response surface analysis to examine links with adolescents’ psychological adjustment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(10), 2022–2035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0517-z.CrossRefPubMed
Human, L. J., Dirks, M. A., DeLongis, A., & Chen, E. (2016). Congruence and incongruence in adolescents’ and parents’ perceptions of the family: Using response surface analysis to examine links with adolescents’ psychological adjustment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(10), 2022–2035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0517-z.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kar, N., & Bastia, B. K. (2006). Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and generalised anxiety disorder in adolescents after a natural disaster: A study of comorbidity. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 2, Article 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-2-17.CrossRef
Kar, N., & Bastia, B. K. (2006). Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and generalised anxiety disorder in adolescents after a natural disaster: A study of comorbidity. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 2, Article 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-2-17.CrossRef
go back to reference Kovacs, M. (1985). The children’s depression inventory (CDl). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 21, 995–998.PubMed
Kovacs, M. (1985). The children’s depression inventory (CDl). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 21, 995–998.PubMed
go back to reference Laursen, B., & Collins, W. A. (2009). Parent-child relationships during adolescence. In R. M. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology: Contextual influences on adolescent development (pp. 3–42). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy002002.
Laursen, B., & Collins, W. A. (2009). Parent-child relationships during adolescence. In R. M. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology: Contextual influences on adolescent development (pp. 3–42). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy002002.
go back to reference Li, M., Li, L., Wu, F., Cao, Y., Zhang, H., Li, X., Zou, J., Guo, Z., & Kong, L. (2021). Perceived family adaptability and cohesion and depressive symptoms: A comparison of adolescents and parents during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders, 287, 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.048.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Li, M., Li, L., Wu, F., Cao, Y., Zhang, H., Li, X., Zou, J., Guo, Z., & Kong, L. (2021). Perceived family adaptability and cohesion and depressive symptoms: A comparison of adolescents and parents during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders, 287, 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.048.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Little, R. A. (1988). A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83(404), 1198–1202. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290157.CrossRef
Little, R. A. (1988). A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83(404), 1198–1202. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290157.CrossRef
go back to reference Liu, J., Zhou, T., Yuan, M., Ren, H., Bian, X., & Coplan, R. J. (2021). Daily routines, parent–child conflict, and psychological maladjustment among Chinese children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Psychology, 35(8), 1077–1085. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000914.CrossRefPubMed
Liu, J., Zhou, T., Yuan, M., Ren, H., Bian, X., & Coplan, R. J. (2021). Daily routines, parent–child conflict, and psychological maladjustment among Chinese children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Psychology, 35(8), 1077–1085. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000914.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Liu, P., Taber-Thomas, B. C., Fu, X. & Pérez-Edgar, K. E. (2018). Biobehavioral markers of attention biasmodification in temperamental risk for anxiety: A randomized control trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 57(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.11.016.CrossRef
Liu, P., Taber-Thomas, B. C., Fu, X. & Pérez-Edgar, K. E. (2018). Biobehavioral markers of attention biasmodification in temperamental risk for anxiety: A randomized control trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 57(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.11.016.CrossRef
go back to reference Liu, S. R., Davis, E. P., Palma, A. M., Sandman, C. A., & Glynn, L. M. (2022). The acute and persisting impact of COVID-19 on trajectories of adolescent depression: Sex differences and social connectedness. Journal of Affective Disorders, 299, 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.030.CrossRefPubMed
Liu, S. R., Davis, E. P., Palma, A. M., Sandman, C. A., & Glynn, L. M. (2022). The acute and persisting impact of COVID-19 on trajectories of adolescent depression: Sex differences and social connectedness. Journal of Affective Disorders, 299, 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.030.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lobo, F. M., Lunkenheimer, E., Lucas‐Thompson, R. G., & Seiter, N. S. (2021). Parental emotion coaching moderates the effects of family stress on internalizing symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence. Social Development, 30(4), 1023–1039. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12519.CrossRefPubMed
Lobo, F. M., Lunkenheimer, E., Lucas‐Thompson, R. G., & Seiter, N. S. (2021). Parental emotion coaching moderates the effects of family stress on internalizing symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence. Social Development, 30(4), 1023–1039. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12519.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference MacPhee, D., Lunkenheimer, E., & Riggs, N. (2015). Resilience as regulation of developmental and family processes. Family Relations Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 64(1), 153–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12100.CrossRef
MacPhee, D., Lunkenheimer, E., & Riggs, N. (2015). Resilience as regulation of developmental and family processes. Family Relations Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 64(1), 153–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12100.CrossRef
go back to reference Magson, N. R., Freeman, J. Y. A., Rapee, R. M., Richardson, C. E., Oar, E. L., & Fardouly, J. (2021). Risk and protective factors for prospective changes in adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 50(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01332-9.CrossRefPubMed
Magson, N. R., Freeman, J. Y. A., Rapee, R. M., Richardson, C. E., Oar, E. L., & Fardouly, J. (2021). Risk and protective factors for prospective changes in adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 50(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01332-9.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Matheny, A. P., Wachs, T. D., Ludwig, J. L., & Phillips, K. (1995). Bringing order out of chaos: Psychometric characteristics of the confusion, hubbub, and order scale. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 16(3), 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0193-3973(95)90028-4.CrossRef
Matheny, A. P., Wachs, T. D., Ludwig, J. L., & Phillips, K. (1995). Bringing order out of chaos: Psychometric characteristics of the confusion, hubbub, and order scale. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 16(3), 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0193-3973(95)90028-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Matjasko, J. L., Grunden, L. N., & Ernst, J. L. (2007). Structural and dynamic process family risk factors: Consequences for holistic adolescent functioning. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69(3), 654–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00398.x.CrossRef
Matjasko, J. L., Grunden, L. N., & Ernst, J. L. (2007). Structural and dynamic process family risk factors: Consequences for holistic adolescent functioning. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69(3), 654–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00398.x.CrossRef
go back to reference Melton, T. H., Croarkin, P. E., Strawn, J. R., & Mcclintock, S. M. (2016). Comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review and analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 22(2), 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000132.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Melton, T. H., Croarkin, P. E., Strawn, J. R., & Mcclintock, S. M. (2016). Comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review and analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 22(2), 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000132.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Miranda, R., Fontes, M., & Marroquín, B. (2008). Cognitive content-specificity in expectancies: Role of hopelessness and intolerance of uncertainty in depression and GAD symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(10), 1151–1159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.009.CrossRefPubMed
Miranda, R., Fontes, M., & Marroquín, B. (2008). Cognitive content-specificity in expectancies: Role of hopelessness and intolerance of uncertainty in depression and GAD symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(10), 1151–1159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.009.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Myruski, S., Pérez-Edgar, K., & Buss, K. A. (2024). Adolescent coping and social media use moderated anxiety change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Adolescence, 96, 177–195. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12267.CrossRefPubMed
Myruski, S., Pérez-Edgar, K., & Buss, K. A. (2024). Adolescent coping and social media use moderated anxiety change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Adolescence, 96, 177–195. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12267.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nikolaidis, A., Paksarian, D., Alexander, L., Derosa, J., Dunn, J., Nielson, D. M., Droney, I., Kang, M., Douka, I., Bromet, E., Milham, M., Stringaris, A., & Merikangas, K. R. (2021). The coronavirus health and impact survey (CRISIS) reveals reproducible correlates of pandemic-related mood states across the Atlantic. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87270-3.CrossRef
Nikolaidis, A., Paksarian, D., Alexander, L., Derosa, J., Dunn, J., Nielson, D. M., Droney, I., Kang, M., Douka, I., Bromet, E., Milham, M., Stringaris, A., & Merikangas, K. R. (2021). The coronavirus health and impact survey (CRISIS) reveals reproducible correlates of pandemic-related mood states across the Atlantic. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87270-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Peltz, J. S., Rogge, R. D., & O’Connor, T. G. (2019). Adolescent sleep quality mediates family chaos and adolescent mental health: A daily diary-based study. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(3), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000491.CrossRefPubMed
Peltz, J. S., Rogge, R. D., & O’Connor, T. G. (2019). Adolescent sleep quality mediates family chaos and adolescent mental health: A daily diary-based study. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(3), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000491.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Penner, F., Hernandez Ortiz, J., & Sharp, C. (2021). Change in youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in a majority Hispanic/Latinx US Sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(4), 513–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.12.027.CrossRefPubMed
Penner, F., Hernandez Ortiz, J., & Sharp, C. (2021). Change in youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in a majority Hispanic/Latinx US Sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(4), 513–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.12.027.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Perez-Brena, N. J., Duncan, J. C., Bámaca, M. Y., & Perez, R. (2022). Progress and gaps: A systematic review of the family demographics and family subsystems represented in top family science journals 2008–2018. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 14(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12446.CrossRef
Perez-Brena, N. J., Duncan, J. C., Bámaca, M. Y., & Perez, R. (2022). Progress and gaps: A systematic review of the family demographics and family subsystems represented in top family science journals 2008–2018. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 14(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12446.CrossRef
go back to reference Pérez-Edgar, K. (2021). Moments in history as a catalyst for science: Placing the individual within a specific time and place. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 1185–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2021.03.006.CrossRefPubMed
Pérez-Edgar, K. (2021). Moments in history as a catalyst for science: Placing the individual within a specific time and place. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 1185–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2021.03.006.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Prime, H., Wade, M., & Browne, D. T. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Psychologist, 75(5), 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000660.CrossRefPubMed
Prime, H., Wade, M., & Browne, D. T. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Psychologist, 75(5), 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000660.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Queen, A. H., Stewart, L. M., Ehrenreich-May, J., & Pincus, D. B. (2013). Mothers’ and fathers’ ratings of family relationship associations with preadolescent and adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms in a clinical sample. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 44, 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-012-0329-7.CrossRef
Queen, A. H., Stewart, L. M., Ehrenreich-May, J., & Pincus, D. B. (2013). Mothers’ and fathers’ ratings of family relationship associations with preadolescent and adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms in a clinical sample. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 44, 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-012-0329-7.CrossRef
go back to reference Ren, H., He, X., Bian, X., Shang, X., & Liu, J. (2021). The protective roles of exercise and maintenance of daily living routines for Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.09.026.CrossRef
Ren, H., He, X., Bian, X., Shang, X., & Liu, J. (2021). The protective roles of exercise and maintenance of daily living routines for Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.09.026.CrossRef
go back to reference Rodriguez, C. M., Lee, S. J., Ward, K. P., & Pu, D. F. (2021). The perfect storm: Hidden risk of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Maltreatment, 26(2), 139–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559520982066.CrossRefPubMed
Rodriguez, C. M., Lee, S. J., Ward, K. P., & Pu, D. F. (2021). The perfect storm: Hidden risk of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Maltreatment, 26(2), 139–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559520982066.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ross, L. T., Hood, C. O., & Short, S. D. (2016). Unpredictability and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 35(5), 371–385. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2016.35.5.371.CrossRef
Ross, L. T., Hood, C. O., & Short, S. D. (2016). Unpredictability and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 35(5), 371–385. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2016.35.5.371.CrossRef
go back to reference Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02.CrossRef
Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02.CrossRef
go back to reference RStudio Team. (2009-2019). RStudio: Integrated development for R (Version 1.2.5033) [Computer software]. RStudio, Inc. http://www.rstudio.com/.
RStudio Team. (2009-2019). RStudio: Integrated development for R (Version 1.2.5033) [Computer software]. RStudio, Inc. http://www.rstudio.com/.
go back to reference Santiago, C. D. C., Wadsworth, M. E., & Stump, J. (2011). Socioeconomic status, neighborhood disadvantage, and poverty-related stress: Prospective effects on psychological syndromes among diverse low-income families. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(2), 218–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2009.10.008.CrossRef
Santiago, C. D. C., Wadsworth, M. E., & Stump, J. (2011). Socioeconomic status, neighborhood disadvantage, and poverty-related stress: Prospective effects on psychological syndromes among diverse low-income families. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(2), 218–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2009.10.008.CrossRef
go back to reference Shapero, B. G., & Steinberg, L. (2013). Emotional reactivity and exposure to household stress in childhood predict psychological problems in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(10), 1573–1582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-9954-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Shapero, B. G., & Steinberg, L. (2013). Emotional reactivity and exposure to household stress in childhood predict psychological problems in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(10), 1573–1582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-9954-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2003). Adolescents’ emotion regulation in daily life: Links to depressive symptoms and problem behavior. Child Development, 74(6), 1869–1880. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00643.x.CrossRefPubMed
Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2003). Adolescents’ emotion regulation in daily life: Links to depressive symptoms and problem behavior. Child Development, 74(6), 1869–1880. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00643.x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Silk, J. S., Scott, L. N., Hutchinson, E. A., Lu, C., Sequeira, S. L., McKone, K. M. P., Do, Q. B., & Ladouceur, C. D. (2022). Storm clouds and silver linings: Day-to-day life in COVID-19 lockdown and emotional health in adolescent girls. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab107.CrossRefPubMed
Silk, J. S., Scott, L. N., Hutchinson, E. A., Lu, C., Sequeira, S. L., McKone, K. M. P., Do, Q. B., & Ladouceur, C. D. (2022). Storm clouds and silver linings: Day-to-day life in COVID-19 lockdown and emotional health in adolescent girls. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 47(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab107.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Skinner, A. T., Godwin, J., Alampay, L. P., Lansford, J. E., Bacchini, D., Bornstein, M. H., Deater-Deckard, K., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Gurdal, S., Pastorelli, C., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Tapanya, S., & Yotanyamaneewong, S. (2021). Parent–adolescent relationship quality as a moderator of links between COVID-19 disruption and reported changes in mothers’ and young adults’ adjustment in five countries. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1648–1666. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Skinner, A. T., Godwin, J., Alampay, L. P., Lansford, J. E., Bacchini, D., Bornstein, M. H., Deater-Deckard, K., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Gurdal, S., Pastorelli, C., Sorbring, E., Steinberg, L., Tapanya, S., & Yotanyamaneewong, S. (2021). Parent–adolescent relationship quality as a moderator of links between COVID-19 disruption and reported changes in mothers’ and young adults’ adjustment in five countries. Developmental Psychology, 57(10), 1648–1666. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001236.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 2(1), 55–87. https://doi.org/10.1891/194589501787383444.CrossRef
Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 2(1), 55–87. https://doi.org/10.1891/194589501787383444.CrossRef
go back to reference Van Oort, F. V. A., Greaves-Lord, K., Verhulst, F. C., Ormel, J., & Huizink, A. C. (2009). The developmental course of anxiety symptoms during adolescence: The TRIALS study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50(10), 1209–1217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02092.x.CrossRefPubMed
Van Oort, F. V. A., Greaves-Lord, K., Verhulst, F. C., Ormel, J., & Huizink, A. C. (2009). The developmental course of anxiety symptoms during adolescence: The TRIALS study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50(10), 1209–1217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02092.x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Valiente, C., Lemery-Chalfant, K., & Reiser, M. (2007). Pathways to problem behaviors: Chaotic homes, parent and child effortful control, and parenting. Social Development, 16(2), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00383.x.CrossRef
Valiente, C., Lemery-Chalfant, K., & Reiser, M. (2007). Pathways to problem behaviors: Chaotic homes, parent and child effortful control, and parenting. Social Development, 16(2), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00383.x.CrossRef
go back to reference Wadsworth, M. E. & Compas, B. E. (2002). Coping with family conflict and economic strain: The adolescent perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12(2), 243–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/1532-7795.00033.CrossRef
Wadsworth, M. E. & Compas, B. E. (2002). Coping with family conflict and economic strain: The adolescent perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12(2), 243–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/1532-7795.00033.CrossRef
go back to reference Zhang, X. (2022). Household chaos and caregivers’ and young children’s mental health during the covid-19 pandemic: A mediation model. Journal of Child and Family Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02283-4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zhang, X. (2022). Household chaos and caregivers’ and young children’s mental health during the covid-19 pandemic: A mediation model. Journal of Child and Family Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02283-4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metagegevens
- Titel
- Family Stressors Impact Adolescents’ Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms During COVID-19
- Auteurs
-
Frances M. Lobo
Anna M. Zhou
Nora A. Tucker
Sarah Myruski
Koraly Pérez-Edgar
Kristin A. Buss
- Publicatiedatum
- 21-04-2025
- Uitgeverij
- Springer US
- Gepubliceerd in
-
Journal of Child and Family Studies
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-025-03062-7