Theory suggests that parenting affects the development of important psychological and behavioral outcomes. Many studies relate dimensions of parenting style such as demandingness and responsiveness to child outcomes including self-regulation. Few studies, however, relate parenting to self-regulation using Eastern Asian samples. The present study uses the China Family Panel Study (CFPS), a nationally representative Chinese survey, to investigate cross-sectional relations between parenting factors (responsiveness, behavioral control, and perceived responsibility) and child self-regulation, which was reported by both parents and ten-year-old children (N = 485). After controlling for demographics and self-esteem, perceived responsibility and responsiveness related to higher self-regulation in children, as reported by parents and children. Parents’ behavioral control of children was unrelated to self-regulation. Our findings that behavioral control showed nonsignificant relations to self-regulation in Chinese children indicate that parenting theory developed using western samples may generalize poorly to Chinese and other Eastern Asian populations.