Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Scalda heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen.Je kunt de producten hieronder links aanschaffen en rechts inloggen.
Gepubliceerd in:
22-04-2020 | ORIGINAL PAPER
Self-compassion in Relation to Alexithymia, Empathy, and Negative Mood in Young Adults
Auteurs: Michael Lyvers, Ashveen Randhawa, Fred Arne Thorberg
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 7/2020
Log in om toegang te krijgenshare
DELEN
Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)
-
Optie A:
-
Optie B:Deel de link per e-mail
Abstract
Objectives
Alexithymia, a trait defined by difficulties identifying and describing emotional feelings and overly concrete thinking, is a known risk factor for psychopathology. Given recent evidence that therapeutic constructs based on Buddhist concepts are positively related to emotional self-awareness and mental health, the present study examined the relationship between one such construct, self-compassion, and alexithymia as well as empathy and mood in a sample of young Australian adults.
Methods
Participants were 253 young adults aged 18–30 years who were recruited from two Australian universities. They were administered validated measures of alexithymia, self-compassion, and empathy via a survey-hosting website.
Results
Relationships among variables were as expected: alexithymia was negatively correlated with self-compassion and empathy, and the latter two variables were positively correlated with each other. After controlling for relevant covariates, alexithymia was the strongest (negative) predictor of self-compassion in a hierarchical regression model. Both alexithymia and self-compassion explained variance in negative mood (depression, anxiety, stress) in a second regression. Of the six subcomponents of self-compassion, only self-judgement was significant.
Conclusions
Further research is needed on alexithymia as a risk factor in young adults and the potential role of self-compassion in mitigating such risk.
Log in om toegang te krijgen
Literatuur
go back to reference Aust, S., Härtwig, E. A., Heuser, I., & Bajbouj, M. (2013). The role of early emotional neglect in alexithymia. Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy, 5, 225–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027314.CrossRef
Aust, S., Härtwig, E. A., Heuser, I., & Bajbouj, M. (2013). The role of early emotional neglect in alexithymia. Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy, 5, 225–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027314.CrossRef
go back to reference Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994a). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-I: Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1.CrossRefPubMed
Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994a). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-I: Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bagby, R., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. (1994b). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—II. Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90006-x.CrossRefPubMed
Bagby, R., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. (1994b). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—II. Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90006-x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (2020). Twenty-five years with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109940.
Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (2020). Twenty-five years with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109940.
go back to reference Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1993). Multitrait-multimethod matrices in consumer research: critique and new developments. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 2, 143–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1057-7408(08)80022-8.CrossRef
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1993). Multitrait-multimethod matrices in consumer research: critique and new developments. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 2, 143–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1057-7408(08)80022-8.CrossRef
go back to reference Bakker, A. M., Cox, D. W., Hubley, A. M., & Owens, R. L. (2019). Emotion regulation as a mediator of self-compassion and depressive symptoms in recurrent depression. Mindfulness, 10, 1169–1180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1072-3.CrossRef
Bakker, A. M., Cox, D. W., Hubley, A. M., & Owens, R. L. (2019). Emotion regulation as a mediator of self-compassion and depressive symptoms in recurrent depression. Mindfulness, 10, 1169–1180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1072-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2004). The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022607.19833.00.CrossRefPubMed
Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2004). The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022607.19833.00.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test revised version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021963001006643.CrossRefPubMed
Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test revised version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021963001006643.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Beddoe, A. E., & Murphy, S. O. (2004). Does mindfulness decrease stress and foster empathy among nursing students? Journal of Nursing Education, 43, 305–312. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20040701-07.CrossRefPubMed
Beddoe, A. E., & Murphy, S. O. (2004). Does mindfulness decrease stress and foster empathy among nursing students? Journal of Nursing Education, 43, 305–312. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20040701-07.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Birnie, K., Speca, M., & Carlson, L. E. (2010). Exploring self-compassion and empathy in the context of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Stress and Health, 26, 359–371. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1305.CrossRef
Birnie, K., Speca, M., & Carlson, L. E. (2010). Exploring self-compassion and empathy in the context of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Stress and Health, 26, 359–371. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1305.CrossRef
go back to reference Boellinghaus, I., Jones, F. W., & Hutton, J. (2014). The role of mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in cultivating self-compassion and other-focused concern in health care professionals. Mindfulness, 5, 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0158-6.CrossRef
Boellinghaus, I., Jones, F. W., & Hutton, J. (2014). The role of mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in cultivating self-compassion and other-focused concern in health care professionals. Mindfulness, 5, 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0158-6.CrossRef
go back to reference Brooks, M., Kay-Lambkin, F., Bowman, J., & Childs, S. (2012). Self-compassion amongst clients with problematic alcohol use. Mindfulness, 3, 308–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0106-5.CrossRef
Brooks, M., Kay-Lambkin, F., Bowman, J., & Childs, S. (2012). Self-compassion amongst clients with problematic alcohol use. Mindfulness, 3, 308–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0106-5.CrossRef
go back to reference Carhart-Harris, R. L., Bolstridge, M., Day, C. J., Rucker, J., Watts, R., Erritzoe, D. E., et al. (2018). Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up. Psychopharmacology, 235, 399–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x.CrossRefPubMed
Carhart-Harris, R. L., Bolstridge, M., Day, C. J., Rucker, J., Watts, R., Erritzoe, D. E., et al. (2018). Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up. Psychopharmacology, 235, 399–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cruise, K., & Becerra, R. (2018). Alexithymia and problematic alcohol use: a critical update. Addictive Behaviors, 77, 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.09.025.CrossRefPubMed
Cruise, K., & Becerra, R. (2018). Alexithymia and problematic alcohol use: a critical update. Addictive Behaviors, 77, 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.09.025.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology, 44, 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113.CrossRef
Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology, 44, 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113.CrossRef
go back to reference Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual-differences in empathy – evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113.CrossRef
Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual-differences in empathy – evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113.CrossRef
go back to reference Diedrich, A., Grant, M., Hofmann, S. G., Hiller, W., & Berking, M. (2014). Self-compassion as an emotion regulation strategy in major depressive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.006.CrossRefPubMed
Diedrich, A., Grant, M., Hofmann, S. G., Hiller, W., & Berking, M. (2014). Self-compassion as an emotion regulation strategy in major depressive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.006.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Dundas, I., Binder, P., Hansen, T. G., & Stige, S. H. (2017). Does a short self-compassion intervention for students increase healthy self-regulation? A randomized control trial. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 58, 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12385.CrossRefPubMed
Dundas, I., Binder, P., Hansen, T. G., & Stige, S. H. (2017). Does a short self-compassion intervention for students increase healthy self-regulation? A randomized control trial. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 58, 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12385.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Evren, C., Evren, B., Dalbudak, E., Ozcelik, C., & Oncu, F. (2009). Childhood abuse and neglect as a risk factor for alexithymia in adult male substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 41, 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2009.10400677.
Evren, C., Evren, B., Dalbudak, E., Ozcelik, C., & Oncu, F. (2009). Childhood abuse and neglect as a risk factor for alexithymia in adult male substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 41, 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2009.10400677.
go back to reference Finlay-Jones, A. L., Rees, C. S., & Kane, R. T. (2015). Self-compassion, emotion regulation and stress among Australian psychologists: testing an emotion regulation model of self-compassion using structural equation modeling. PLoS One, 10(7), e0133481. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133481.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Finlay-Jones, A. L., Rees, C. S., & Kane, R. T. (2015). Self-compassion, emotion regulation and stress among Australian psychologists: testing an emotion regulation model of self-compassion using structural equation modeling. PLoS One, 10(7), e0133481. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133481.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (2006). The mentalization-focused approach to self-pathology. Journal of Personality Disorders, 20, 544–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470712986.ch3.CrossRefPubMed
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (2006). The mentalization-focused approach to self-pathology. Journal of Personality Disorders, 20, 544–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470712986.ch3.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Franz, M., Popp, K., Schaefer, R., Sitte, W., Schneider, C., Hardt, J., et al. (2008). Alexithymia in the German general population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43, 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-007-0265-1.CrossRefPubMed
Franz, M., Popp, K., Schaefer, R., Sitte, W., Schneider, C., Hardt, J., et al. (2008). Alexithymia in the German general population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43, 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-007-0265-1.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind: a new approach to the challenge of life. London: Constable & Robinson.
Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind: a new approach to the challenge of life. London: Constable & Robinson.
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2010). Compassion focused therapy. London: Routledge.CrossRef
Gilbert, P. (2010). Compassion focused therapy. London: Routledge.CrossRef
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2014). The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53, 6–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12043.CrossRefPubMed
Gilbert, P. (2014). The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53, 6–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12043.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gilbert, P. and Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 13, 353–379. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.507.
Gilbert, P. and Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 13, 353–379. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.507.
go back to reference Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Gibbons, L., Chotai, S., Duarte, J., & Matos, M. (2011). Fears of compassion and happiness in relation to alexithymia, mindfulness, and self-criticism. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 85, 374–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02046.x.CrossRef
Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Gibbons, L., Chotai, S., Duarte, J., & Matos, M. (2011). Fears of compassion and happiness in relation to alexithymia, mindfulness, and self-criticism. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 85, 374–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02046.x.CrossRef
go back to reference Gilbert, P., Catarino, F., Duarte, C., Matos, M., Kolts, R., Stubbs, J., … Basran, J. (2017). The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others. Journal of Compassionate Healthcare, 4:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40639-017-0033-3.
Gilbert, P., Catarino, F., Duarte, C., Matos, M., Kolts, R., Stubbs, J., … Basran, J. (2017). The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others. Journal of Compassionate Healthcare, 4:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40639-017-0033-3.
go back to reference Grynberg, D., Luminet, O., Corneille, O., Grèzes, J., & Berthoz, S. (2010). Alexithymia in the interpersonal domain: a general deficit of empathy? Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 845–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.013.CrossRef
Grynberg, D., Luminet, O., Corneille, O., Grèzes, J., & Berthoz, S. (2010). Alexithymia in the interpersonal domain: a general deficit of empathy? Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 845–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.013.CrossRef
go back to reference Guttman, H., & Laporte, L. (2002). Alexithymia, empathy, and psychological symptoms in a family context. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 43, 448–455. https://doi.org/10.1053/comp.2002.35905.CrossRefPubMed
Guttman, H., & Laporte, L. (2002). Alexithymia, empathy, and psychological symptoms in a family context. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 43, 448–455. https://doi.org/10.1053/comp.2002.35905.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hayes, S. C., & Hofmann, S. G. (2017). The third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy and the rise of process-based care. World Psychiatry, 16, 245–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20442.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Hayes, S. C., & Hofmann, S. G. (2017). The third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy and the rise of process-based care. World Psychiatry, 16, 245–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20442.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Hayes, S. C., Follette, V. M., & Linehan, M. N. (2004). Mindfulness and acceptance: expanding the cognitive behavioural tradition. New York: Guilford.
Hayes, S. C., Follette, V. M., & Linehan, M. N. (2004). Mindfulness and acceptance: expanding the cognitive behavioural tradition. New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006.CrossRefPubMed
Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Antikainen, R., Tanskanen, A., Haatainen, K., & Viinamäki, H. (2004). Alexithymia and suicidal ideation: a 12-month follow-up study in a general population. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 45, 340–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.06.008.CrossRefPubMed
Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Antikainen, R., Tanskanen, A., Haatainen, K., & Viinamäki, H. (2004). Alexithymia and suicidal ideation: a 12-month follow-up study in a general population. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 45, 340–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.06.008.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Jørgensen, M.M., Zachariae, R., Skytthe, A., & Kyvik, K. (2007). Genetic and environmental factors in alexithymia: A population-based study of 8,785 Danish twin pairs. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1159/000107565.
Jørgensen, M.M., Zachariae, R., Skytthe, A., & Kyvik, K. (2007). Genetic and environmental factors in alexithymia: A population-based study of 8,785 Danish twin pairs. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1159/000107565.
go back to reference Krieger, T., Berger, T., & Holtforth, M. (2016). The relationship of self-compassion and depression: cross-lagged panel analyses in depressed patients after outpatient therapy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 202, 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.032.CrossRefPubMed
Krieger, T., Berger, T., & Holtforth, M. (2016). The relationship of self-compassion and depression: cross-lagged panel analyses in depressed patients after outpatient therapy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 202, 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.032.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lopez, A., Sanderman, R., Smink, A., Zhang, Y., van Sonderen, E., Ranchor, A., & Schroevers, M. J. (2015). A reconsideration of the self-compassion Scale’s total score: self-compassion versus self-criticism. PLoS One, 10(7), e0132940. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132940.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Lopez, A., Sanderman, R., Smink, A., Zhang, Y., van Sonderen, E., Ranchor, A., & Schroevers, M. J. (2015). A reconsideration of the self-compassion Scale’s total score: self-compassion versus self-criticism. PLoS One, 10(7), e0132940. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132940.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation.
Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychology Foundation.
go back to reference Lykins, E. L. B., & Baer, R. A. (2009). Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness meditation. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 23, 226–241. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.23.3.226.CrossRef
Lykins, E. L. B., & Baer, R. A. (2009). Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness meditation. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 23, 226–241. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.23.3.226.CrossRef
go back to reference Lyvers, M., Hinton, R., Gotsis, S., Roddy, M., Edwards, E., & Thorberg, F. A. (2014a). Traits linked to executive and reward systems functioning in clients undergoing residential treatment for substance dependence. Personality & Individual Differences, 70, 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.004.CrossRef
Lyvers, M., Hinton, R., Gotsis, S., Roddy, M., Edwards, E., & Thorberg, F. A. (2014a). Traits linked to executive and reward systems functioning in clients undergoing residential treatment for substance dependence. Personality & Individual Differences, 70, 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.004.CrossRef
go back to reference Lyvers, M., Makin, C., Toms, E., Thorberg, F. A., & Samios, C. (2014b). Trait mindfulness in relation to alexithymia, emotion regulation, mood and everyday executive functioning. Mindfulness, 5, 619–625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0213-y5.CrossRef
Lyvers, M., Makin, C., Toms, E., Thorberg, F. A., & Samios, C. (2014b). Trait mindfulness in relation to alexithymia, emotion regulation, mood and everyday executive functioning. Mindfulness, 5, 619–625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0213-y5.CrossRef
go back to reference Lyvers, M., Simons, O., Hayes, A., & Thorberg, F. A. (2014c). Drinking motives, alcohol expectancies and alexithymia in young adult social drinkers. Journal of Substance Use, 19, 44–47. https://doi.org/10.3109/14659891.2012.734538.CrossRef
Lyvers, M., Simons, O., Hayes, A., & Thorberg, F. A. (2014c). Drinking motives, alcohol expectancies and alexithymia in young adult social drinkers. Journal of Substance Use, 19, 44–47. https://doi.org/10.3109/14659891.2012.734538.CrossRef
go back to reference Lyvers, M., Kohlsdorf, S. M., Edwards, M. S., & Thorberg, F. A. (2017). Alexithymia and mood: recognition of emotion in self and others. American Journal of Psychology, 130, 83–92. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.130.1.0083.CrossRefPubMed
Lyvers, M., Kohlsdorf, S. M., Edwards, M. S., & Thorberg, F. A. (2017). Alexithymia and mood: recognition of emotion in self and others. American Journal of Psychology, 130, 83–92. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.130.1.0083.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lyvers, M., McCann, K., Coundouris, S., Edwards, M. S., & Thorberg, F. A. (2018). Alexithymia in relation to alcohol use, emotion recognition, and empathy: the role of externally oriented thinking. American Journal of Psychology, 131, 41. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.131.1.0041.CrossRef
Lyvers, M., McCann, K., Coundouris, S., Edwards, M. S., & Thorberg, F. A. (2018). Alexithymia in relation to alcohol use, emotion recognition, and empathy: the role of externally oriented thinking. American Journal of Psychology, 131, 41. https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.131.1.0041.CrossRef
go back to reference Lyvers, M., Mayer, K., Needham, K., & Thorberg, F. A. (2019). Parental bonding, adult attachment, and theory of mind: a developmental model of alexithymia and alcohol-related risk. Journal of Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22772.
Lyvers, M., Mayer, K., Needham, K., & Thorberg, F. A. (2019). Parental bonding, adult attachment, and theory of mind: a developmental model of alexithymia and alcohol-related risk. Journal of Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22772.
go back to reference Macbeth, A., & Gumley, A. (2012). Exploring self-compassion in a meta-analysis of the association between self-compassion and psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 545–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.06.003.CrossRefPubMed
Macbeth, A., & Gumley, A. (2012). Exploring self-compassion in a meta-analysis of the association between self-compassion and psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 545–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.06.003.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mason, O., Tyson, M., Jones, C., & Potts, S. (2005). Alexithymia: its prevalence and correlates in a British undergraduate sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 78, 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608304X21374.CrossRef
Mason, O., Tyson, M., Jones, C., & Potts, S. (2005). Alexithymia: its prevalence and correlates in a British undergraduate sample. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 78, 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608304X21374.CrossRef
go back to reference Mattila, A. K., Salminen, J. K., Nummi, T., & Joukamaa, M. (2006). Age is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 61, 629–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.013.CrossRefPubMed
Mattila, A. K., Salminen, J. K., Nummi, T., & Joukamaa, M. (2006). Age is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 61, 629–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.013.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference McGillivray, L., Becerra, R., & Harms, C. (2016). Prevalence and demographic correlates of alexithymia: a comparison between Australian psychiatric and community samples. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73, 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22314.CrossRefPubMed
McGillivray, L., Becerra, R., & Harms, C. (2016). Prevalence and demographic correlates of alexithymia: a comparison between Australian psychiatric and community samples. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73, 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22314.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mehrabian, A. (2000). Manual for the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES). Available from Albert Mehrabian; 1130 Alta Mesa Road, Monterey, CA, USA 93940.
Mehrabian, A. (2000). Manual for the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES). Available from Albert Mehrabian; 1130 Alta Mesa Road, Monterey, CA, USA 93940.
go back to reference Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: structure, dynamics and change. New York: Guilford.
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: structure, dynamics and change. New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Moreno, F. A., Wiegand, C. B., Taitano, E. K., & Delgado, P. L. (2005). Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of psilocybin in 9 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 1735–1740. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v67n1110.CrossRef
Moreno, F. A., Wiegand, C. B., Taitano, E. K., & Delgado, P. L. (2005). Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of psilocybin in 9 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 1735–1740. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v67n1110.CrossRef
go back to reference Moriguchi, Y., Decety, J., Ohnishi, T., Maeda, M., Mori, T., Nemoto, K., et al. (2007). Empathy and judging other’s pain: an fMRI study of alexithymia. Cerebral Cortex, 17, 2223–2234. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhl130.CrossRefPubMed
Moriguchi, Y., Decety, J., Ohnishi, T., Maeda, M., Mori, T., Nemoto, K., et al. (2007). Empathy and judging other’s pain: an fMRI study of alexithymia. Cerebral Cortex, 17, 2223–2234. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhl130.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Muris, P., & Petrocchi, N. (2017). Protection or vulnerability? A meta-analysis of the relations between the positive and negative components of self-compassion and psychopathology. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(2), 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2005.
Muris, P., & Petrocchi, N. (2017). Protection or vulnerability? A meta-analysis of the relations between the positive and negative components of self-compassion and psychopathology. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(2), 373–383. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2005.
go back to reference Neff, K. D. (2003a). Self-compassion: an alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2, 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032.CrossRef
Neff, K. D. (2003a). Self-compassion: an alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2, 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. D. (2003b). Development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027.CrossRef
Neff, K. D. (2003b). Development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. (2004). Self-compassion and psychological well-being. Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 9, 27–37.
Neff, K. (2004). Self-compassion and psychological well-being. Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 9, 27–37.
go back to reference Neff, K. (2008). Self-compassion: moving beyond the pitfalls of a separate self-concept. In H. A. Wayment & J. J. Bauer (Eds.), Decade of behavior. Transcending self-interest: psychological explorations of the quiet ego (pp. 95–105). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/11771-009.CrossRef
Neff, K. (2008). Self-compassion: moving beyond the pitfalls of a separate self-concept. In H. A. Wayment & J. J. Bauer (Eds.), Decade of behavior. Transcending self-interest: psychological explorations of the quiet ego (pp. 95–105). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/11771-009.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. (2011). Self-compassion. The proven power of being kind to yourself. New York: Harper Collins.
Neff, K. (2011). Self-compassion. The proven power of being kind to yourself. New York: Harper Collins.
go back to reference Neff, K. D. (2015). The Self-Compassion Scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7, 264–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3.CrossRef
Neff, K. D. (2015). The Self-Compassion Scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7, 264–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. D., & McGhee, P. (2010). Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults. Self and Identity, 9, 225–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860902979307.CrossRef
Neff, K. D., & McGhee, P. (2010). Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults. Self and Identity, 9, 225–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860902979307.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. D., & Pommier, E. (2013). The relationship between self-compassion and other-focused concern among college undergraduates, community adults, and practicing meditators. Self and Identity, 12, 160–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.649546.CrossRef
Neff, K. D., & Pommier, E. (2013). The relationship between self-compassion and other-focused concern among college undergraduates, community adults, and practicing meditators. Self and Identity, 12, 160–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.649546.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. D., Rude, S. S., & Kirkpatrick, K. L. (2007). An examination of self-compassion in relation to positive psychological functioning and personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 908–916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.08.002.CrossRef
Neff, K. D., Rude, S. S., & Kirkpatrick, K. L. (2007). An examination of self-compassion in relation to positive psychological functioning and personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 908–916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.08.002.CrossRef
go back to reference Neff, K. D., Whittaker, T. A., & Karl, A. (2017). Examining the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in four distinct populations: is the use of a total scale score justified? Journal of Personality Assessment, 99, 596–607. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2016.1269334.CrossRefPubMed
Neff, K. D., Whittaker, T. A., & Karl, A. (2017). Examining the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in four distinct populations: is the use of a total scale score justified? Journal of Personality Assessment, 99, 596–607. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2016.1269334.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Neumann, D. L., Chan, R. C., Boyle, G. J., Wang, Y., & Westbury, H. R. (2015). Measures of empathy: self-report, behavioral, and neuroscientific approaches. In G. J. Boyle, D. H. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 257–289). San Diego: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-386915-9.00010-3.CrossRef
Neumann, D. L., Chan, R. C., Boyle, G. J., Wang, Y., & Westbury, H. R. (2015). Measures of empathy: self-report, behavioral, and neuroscientific approaches. In G. J. Boyle, D. H. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 257–289). San Diego: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-386915-9.00010-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Norman, H., Marzano, L., Coulson, M., & Oskis, A. (2018). Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on alexithymia: a systematic review. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 22, 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2018-300029.CrossRefPubMed
Norman, H., Marzano, L., Coulson, M., & Oskis, A. (2018). Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on alexithymia: a systematic review. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 22, 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2018-300029.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Onur, E., Alkin, T., Sheridan, M. J., & Wise, T. N. (2013). Alexithymia and emotional intelligence in patients with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly, 84, 303–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-012-9246-y.CrossRefPubMed
Onur, E., Alkin, T., Sheridan, M. J., & Wise, T. N. (2013). Alexithymia and emotional intelligence in patients with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly, 84, 303–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-012-9246-y.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Öst, L. (2008). Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 296–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.005.CrossRefPubMed
Öst, L. (2008). Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 296–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.005.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Panayiotou, G., Leonidou, C., Constantinou, E., Hart, J., Rinehart, K. L., Sy, J. T., & Björgvinsson, T. (2015). Do alexithymic individuals avoid their feelings? Experiential avoidance mediates the association between alexithymia, psychosomatic, and depressive symptoms in a community and a clinical sample. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 56, 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.09.006.CrossRefPubMed
Panayiotou, G., Leonidou, C., Constantinou, E., Hart, J., Rinehart, K. L., Sy, J. T., & Björgvinsson, T. (2015). Do alexithymic individuals avoid their feelings? Experiential avoidance mediates the association between alexithymia, psychosomatic, and depressive symptoms in a community and a clinical sample. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 56, 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.09.006.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Parker, J. D. A., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (1993). Alexithymia and the recognition of facial expressions of emotion. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 59, 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288664.CrossRefPubMed
Parker, J. D. A., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (1993). Alexithymia and the recognition of facial expressions of emotion. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 59, 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288664.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Prkachin, G. C., Casey, C., & Prkachin, K. M. (2009). Alexithymia and perception of facial expressions of emotion. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 412–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.010.CrossRef
Prkachin, G. C., Casey, C., & Prkachin, K. M. (2009). Alexithymia and perception of facial expressions of emotion. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 412–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.010.CrossRef
go back to reference Rendon, K. P. (2006). Understanding alcohol use in college students: a study of mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological symptoms. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Austin. Available: https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/2907.
Rendon, K. P. (2006). Understanding alcohol use in college students: a study of mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological symptoms. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Austin. Available: https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/2907.
go back to reference Reniers, R. L., Corcoran, R., Völlm, B. A., Mashru, A., Howard, R., & Liddle, P. F. (2012). Moral decision-making, ToM, empathy and the default mode network. Biological Psychology, 90, 202–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.03.009.CrossRefPubMed
Reniers, R. L., Corcoran, R., Völlm, B. A., Mashru, A., Howard, R., & Liddle, P. F. (2012). Moral decision-making, ToM, empathy and the default mode network. Biological Psychology, 90, 202–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.03.009.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ross, S., Bossis, A., Guss, J., Agin-Liebes, G., Malone, T., …, … & Schmidt, B.L. (2016). Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30, 1165–1180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675512.
Ross, S., Bossis, A., Guss, J., Agin-Liebes, G., Malone, T., …, … & Schmidt, B.L. (2016). Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30, 1165–1180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881116675512.
go back to reference Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford.
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Singer, J. L. (2006). Imagery in psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
Singer, J. L. (2006). Imagery in psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
go back to reference Spreng, R. N., McKinnon, M. C., Mar, R. A., & Levine, B. (2009). The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire: scale development and initial validation of a factor-analytic solution to multiple empathy measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91, 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890802484381.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Spreng, R. N., McKinnon, M. C., Mar, R. A., & Levine, B. (2009). The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire: scale development and initial validation of a factor-analytic solution to multiple empathy measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 91, 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890802484381.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: a comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist, 45, 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2010.482109.CrossRef
Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: a comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist, 45, 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2010.482109.CrossRef
go back to reference Taylor, G. J., Bagby, R. M., & Parker, J. D. A. (1997). Disorders of affect regulation: alexithymia in medical and psychiatric illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Taylor, G. J., Bagby, R. M., & Parker, J. D. A. (1997). Disorders of affect regulation: alexithymia in medical and psychiatric illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Thorberg, F. A., Young, R. M., Sullivan, K. A., & Lyvers, M. (2009). Alexithymia and alcohol use disorders: a critical review. Addictive Behaviors, 34, 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.016.CrossRefPubMed
Thorberg, F. A., Young, R. M., Sullivan, K. A., & Lyvers, M. (2009). Alexithymia and alcohol use disorders: a critical review. Addictive Behaviors, 34, 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.016.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Thorberg, F. A., Young, R. M., Sullivan, K. A., & Lyvers, M. (2011a). Parental bonding and alexithymia: a meta-analysis. European Psychiatry, 26, 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.09.010.CrossRefPubMed
Thorberg, F. A., Young, R. M., Sullivan, K. A., & Lyvers, M. (2011a). Parental bonding and alexithymia: a meta-analysis. European Psychiatry, 26, 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.09.010.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Thorberg, F. A., Young, R., Sullivan, K. A., Lyvers, M., Connor, J. P., & Feeney, G. F. X. (2011b). Alexithymia, craving and attachment in a heavy drinking population. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 427–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12.016.CrossRefPubMed
Thorberg, F. A., Young, R., Sullivan, K. A., Lyvers, M., Connor, J. P., & Feeney, G. F. X. (2011b). Alexithymia, craving and attachment in a heavy drinking population. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 427–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12.016.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Thorberg, F. A., Young, R., Sullivan, K. A., Lyvers, M., Hurst, C., et al. (2016). A prospective mediational study on the stability of alexithymia among alcohol-dependent outpatients in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30, 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000135.CrossRefPubMed
Thorberg, F. A., Young, R., Sullivan, K. A., Lyvers, M., Hurst, C., et al. (2016). A prospective mediational study on the stability of alexithymia among alcohol-dependent outpatients in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30, 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000135.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Tolmunen, T., Heliste, M., Lehto, S. M., Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K., & Kauhanen, J. (2011). Stability of alexithymia in the general population: an 11-year follow-up. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 52, 536–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.09.007.CrossRefPubMed
Tolmunen, T., Heliste, M., Lehto, S. M., Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K., & Kauhanen, J. (2011). Stability of alexithymia in the general population: an 11-year follow-up. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 52, 536–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.09.007.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., Meganck, R., & Bogaerts, S. (2007). Alexithymia and interpersonal problems. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20324.CrossRefPubMed
Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., Meganck, R., & Bogaerts, S. (2007). Alexithymia and interpersonal problems. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20324.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Velde, J. V., Servaas, M. N., Goerlich, K. S., Bruggeman, R., Horton, P., Costafreda, S. G., & Aleman, A. (2013). Neural correlates of alexithymia: a meta-analysis of emotion processing studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37, 1774–1785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.008.CrossRef
Velde, J. V., Servaas, M. N., Goerlich, K. S., Bruggeman, R., Horton, P., Costafreda, S. G., & Aleman, A. (2013). Neural correlates of alexithymia: a meta-analysis of emotion processing studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37, 1774–1785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.008.CrossRef
go back to reference Wei, M., Liao, K. Y., Ku, T., & Shaffer, P. A. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79, 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.x.CrossRefPubMed
Wei, M., Liao, K. Y., Ku, T., & Shaffer, P. A. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79, 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Zackheim, L. (2007). Alexithymia: the expanding realm of research. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 63, 345–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.08.011.CrossRefPubMed
Zackheim, L. (2007). Alexithymia: the expanding realm of research. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 63, 345–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.08.011.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
- Titel
- Self-compassion in Relation to Alexithymia, Empathy, and Negative Mood in Young Adults
- Auteurs
-
Michael Lyvers
Ashveen Randhawa
Fred Arne Thorberg
- Publicatiedatum
- 22-04-2020
- Uitgeverij
- Springer US
- Gepubliceerd in
-
Mindfulness
/ Uitgave 7/2020
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01379-6
