12. Positioning the patient and operating table in endoscopic surgery

The positioning of the patient and operating table is even more important in endoscopic surgery than in conventional surgery. In this respect, the overview and exposure of the operative site are paramount, as are the freedom of movement of the surgeon and ergonomics. Every endoscopic operation relates to a specific position of the patient and operating table. It is essential that this is addressed by the operating team during the Time Out procedure, before the operation. Positioning per se, especially with regard to extremes (e.g., low anterior resection of the rectum, adrenal gland resection), occurs without complications if appropriate precautionary measures are taken.