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26-03-2025 | Original Article

Positive Affect Regulation and Depressive Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Auteurs: Tatjana Gauwloos, Livia De Picker, Rudi De Raedt, Manuel Morrens

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research

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Abstract

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by alternating mood episodes, with individuals often experiencing heightened positive emotions. This study investigated strategies for regulating positive emotions—amplification and dampening—and their association with depressive symptoms and childhood trauma.

Methods

This longitudinal case-control study included 49 hospitalized BD patients (73% BD-I) and 24 matched healthy controls (HCs). At baseline, participants completed the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form, with mood assessments every two weeks. Group differences and interrelations were analyzed using t-tests, ANCOVAs, and Pearson correlations. Linear mixed models examined the longitudinal impact of positive affect regulation on depressive symptoms.

Results

BD patients showed significantly higher dampening than HCs, while positive rumination strategies were similar between groups. Dampening correlated with more exposure to childhood trauma, particularly emotional abuse, but did not predict changes in depressive symptoms during hospitalization. Emotion-focused positive rumination was inversely related to depressive symptoms but had no longitudinal effect.

Conclusions

Hospitalized BD patients used more dampening than HCs, which is linked to more childhood trauma exposure. Positive rumination strategies were comparable and showed limited impact on depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to clarify the clinical role of these affect regulation strategies in BD management.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Voetnoten
1
Additional questionnaires were conducted but are not addressed within the scope of this paper.
 
2
Benzodiazepines were converted to valium dose equivalents and antipsychotics to haloperidol dose equivalents.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Positive Affect Regulation and Depressive Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Auteurs
Tatjana Gauwloos
Livia De Picker
Rudi De Raedt
Manuel Morrens
Publicatiedatum
26-03-2025
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-025-10594-1