Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Scalda heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen.Je kunt de producten hieronder links aanschaffen en rechts inloggen.
Gepubliceerd in:
28-03-2020 | Review
The Relationships Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Youth Mental Health: A Systematic Review
Auteurs: Annemarie Nicol, Anita S. Mak, Kristen Murray, Iain Walker, Dean Buckmaster
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2020
Log in om toegang te krijgenshare
DELEN
Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)
-
Optie A:
-
Optie B:Deel de link per e-mail
Abstract
Background
Although early maladaptive schemas (EMS) have been strongly associated with psychopathology in adults, this association is less clear in young people since schemas are still emerging. This systematic review examines the relationship between EMS and psychopathology in young people to assess the degree to which EMS discriminate between psychopathologies, consistent with the cognitive content specificity hypothesis.
Methods
PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched.
Results
Fifty-eight studies were identified for inclusion, with 24,005 participants across all studies. We found evidence of the relationship between EMS and psychopathology in young people. EMS were found to discriminate between depression, anxiety, eating pathology, borderline symptomology, and externalizing behaviors.
Conclusion
Findings are discussed in the context of treatment approaches for psychopathology in youth, specifically through an increased understanding of the role of EMS in this developmental period. We also suggest future research directions and discuss the methodological limitations of the studies reviewed, including a bias towards community samples, and a lack of consistency in EMS measures. These findings suggest that EMS may be an important area to target when treating youth presenting with psychological distress.
Log in om toegang te krijgen
Literatuur
go back to reference Abdolahzadeh Rafi, M., Adibsereshki, N., & Hasanzadeh Aval, M. (2017). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in relationships of emotional maltreatment and emotional disorders. European Journal of Mental Health,12, 104–115. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7.CrossRef
Abdolahzadeh Rafi, M., Adibsereshki, N., & Hasanzadeh Aval, M. (2017). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in relationships of emotional maltreatment and emotional disorders. European Journal of Mental Health,12, 104–115. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.12.2017.1.7.CrossRef
go back to reference Alba, J., & Calvete, E. (2019). Bidirectional relationships between stress, depressive symptoms, and cognitive vulnerabilities in adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,38, 87–112. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.2.87.CrossRef
Alba, J., & Calvete, E. (2019). Bidirectional relationships between stress, depressive symptoms, and cognitive vulnerabilities in adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,38, 87–112. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.2.87.CrossRef
go back to reference Alba, J., Calvete, E., Wante, L., Van Beveren, M., & Braet, C. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas as moderators of the association between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Cognitive Therapy and Research,42, 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-017-9874-5.CrossRef
Alba, J., Calvete, E., Wante, L., Van Beveren, M., & Braet, C. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas as moderators of the association between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Cognitive Therapy and Research,42, 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-017-9874-5.CrossRef
go back to reference Bakhshi Bojed, F., & Nikmanesh, Z. (2013). Role of early maladaptive schemas on addiction potential in youth. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors & Addiction,2, 72–76. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.10148.CrossRef
Bakhshi Bojed, F., & Nikmanesh, Z. (2013). Role of early maladaptive schemas on addiction potential in youth. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors & Addiction,2, 72–76. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.10148.CrossRef
go back to reference Baranoff, J., Oei, T. P. S., Ho Cho, S., & Kwon, S.-M. (2006). Factor structure and internal consistency of the Young Schema Questionnaire (Short Form) in Korean and Australian samples. Journal of Affective Disorders,93, 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.03.003.CrossRefPubMed
Baranoff, J., Oei, T. P. S., Ho Cho, S., & Kwon, S.-M. (2006). Factor structure and internal consistency of the Young Schema Questionnaire (Short Form) in Korean and Australian samples. Journal of Affective Disorders,93, 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.03.003.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Barazandeh, H., Kissane, D. W., Saeedi, N., & Gordon, M. (2016). A systematic review of the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder/traits. Personality and Individual Differences,94, 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.01.021.CrossRef
Barazandeh, H., Kissane, D. W., Saeedi, N., & Gordon, M. (2016). A systematic review of the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder/traits. Personality and Individual Differences,94, 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.01.021.CrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber.
Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber.
go back to reference Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
go back to reference Beck, A. T. (1990). Cognitive therapy of personality disorders. New York: Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T. (1990). Cognitive therapy of personality disorders. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Bosmans, G., Braet, C., & Van Vlierberghe, L. (2010). Attachment and symptoms of psychopathology: Early maladaptive schemas as a cognitive link? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,17, 374–385. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.667.CrossRefPubMed
Bosmans, G., Braet, C., & Van Vlierberghe, L. (2010). Attachment and symptoms of psychopathology: Early maladaptive schemas as a cognitive link? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,17, 374–385. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.667.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Calvete, E. (2013). Emotional abuse as a predictor of early maladaptive schemas in adolescents: Contributions to development of depressive and social anxiety symptoms. Child Abuse & Neglect,38, 735–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.10.014.CrossRef
Calvete, E. (2013). Emotional abuse as a predictor of early maladaptive schemas in adolescents: Contributions to development of depressive and social anxiety symptoms. Child Abuse & Neglect,38, 735–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.10.014.CrossRef
go back to reference Calvete, E., & Connor-Smith, J. K. (2005). Automatic thoughts and psychological symptoms: A cross-cultural comparison of American and Spanish students. Cognitive Therapy & Research,29, 201–2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-3165-2.CrossRef
Calvete, E., & Connor-Smith, J. K. (2005). Automatic thoughts and psychological symptoms: A cross-cultural comparison of American and Spanish students. Cognitive Therapy & Research,29, 201–2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-3165-2.CrossRef
go back to reference Calvete, E., Estevez, A., Lopez de Arroyabe, E., & Ruiz, P. (2005). The schema questionnaire-short form: Structure and relationship with automatic thoughts and symptoms of affective disorders. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,21, 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.21.2.90.CrossRef
Calvete, E., Estevez, A., Lopez de Arroyabe, E., & Ruiz, P. (2005). The schema questionnaire-short form: Structure and relationship with automatic thoughts and symptoms of affective disorders. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,21, 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.21.2.90.CrossRef
go back to reference Calvete, E., Fernandez-Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez-Cabrera, J. M., & Gamez-Guadix, M. (2018a). Continued bullying victimization in adolescents: Maladaptive schemas as a mediational mechanism. Journal of Youth and Adolescence,47, 650–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0677-5.CrossRefPubMed
Calvete, E., Fernandez-Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez-Cabrera, J. M., & Gamez-Guadix, M. (2018a). Continued bullying victimization in adolescents: Maladaptive schemas as a mediational mechanism. Journal of Youth and Adolescence,47, 650–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0677-5.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Calvete, E., Fernández-González, L., Orue, I., & Little, T. D. (2018b). Exposure to family violence and dating violence perpetration in adolescents: Potential cognitive and emotional mechanisms. Psychology of Violence,8, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000076.CrossRef
Calvete, E., Fernández-González, L., Orue, I., & Little, T. D. (2018b). Exposure to family violence and dating violence perpetration in adolescents: Potential cognitive and emotional mechanisms. Psychology of Violence,8, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000076.CrossRef
go back to reference Calvete, E., Orue, I., & González-Diez, Z. (2013a). An examination of the structure and stability of early maladaptive schemas by means of the Young Schema Questionnaire-3. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,29, 283–290. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000158.CrossRef
Calvete, E., Orue, I., & González-Diez, Z. (2013a). An examination of the structure and stability of early maladaptive schemas by means of the Young Schema Questionnaire-3. European Journal of Psychological Assessment,29, 283–290. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000158.CrossRef
go back to reference Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2013b). Early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety in adolescents: The mediating role of anxious automatic thoughts. Journal of Anxiety Disorders,27, 278–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.02.011.CrossRefPubMed
Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2013b). Early maladaptive schemas and social anxiety in adolescents: The mediating role of anxious automatic thoughts. Journal of Anxiety Disorders,27, 278–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.02.011.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2013c). Transactional relationships among cognitive vulnerabilities, stressors, and depressive symptoms in adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,41, 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9691-y.CrossRefPubMed
Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2013c). Transactional relationships among cognitive vulnerabilities, stressors, and depressive symptoms in adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,41, 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9691-y.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). A longitudinal test of the vulnerability-stress model with early maladaptive schemas for depressive and social anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment,37, 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9438-x.CrossRef
Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). A longitudinal test of the vulnerability-stress model with early maladaptive schemas for depressive and social anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment,37, 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9438-x.CrossRef
go back to reference Camara, M., & Calvete, E. (2012). Early maladaptive schemas as moderators of the impact of stressful events on anxiety and depression in university students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment,34, 58–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9261-6.CrossRef
Camara, M., & Calvete, E. (2012). Early maladaptive schemas as moderators of the impact of stressful events on anxiety and depression in university students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment,34, 58–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9261-6.CrossRef
go back to reference Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D., & Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: Toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire-research version (EMSQ-R). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,11, 344–357. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.401.CrossRef
Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D., & Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: Toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire-research version (EMSQ-R). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,11, 344–357. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.401.CrossRef
go back to reference Cooper, M. J., Rose, K. S., & Turner, H. (2005). Core beliefs and the presence or absence of eating disorder symptoms and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders,38, 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20157.CrossRefPubMed
Cooper, M. J., Rose, K. S., & Turner, H. (2005). Core beliefs and the presence or absence of eating disorder symptoms and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders,38, 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20157.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Crawford, E., & O'Dougherty Wright, M. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological maltreatment on interpersonal schemas and subsequent experiences of relationship aggression. Journal of Emotional Abuse,7, 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n02_06.CrossRef
Crawford, E., & O'Dougherty Wright, M. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological maltreatment on interpersonal schemas and subsequent experiences of relationship aggression. Journal of Emotional Abuse,7, 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n02_06.CrossRef
go back to reference Cui, L., Lin, W., & Oei, T. P. S. (2011). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Young Schema Questionnaire (Short Form) in Chinese undergraduate students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,9, 645–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-010-9283-4.CrossRef
Cui, L., Lin, W., & Oei, T. P. S. (2011). Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Young Schema Questionnaire (Short Form) in Chinese undergraduate students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction,9, 645–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-010-9283-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Damiano, S. R., Reece, J., Reid, S., Atkins, L., & Patton, G. (2015). Maladaptive schemas in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa and implications for treatment. Eating Behaviors,16, 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.10.016.CrossRefPubMed
Damiano, S. R., Reece, J., Reid, S., Atkins, L., & Patton, G. (2015). Maladaptive schemas in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa and implications for treatment. Eating Behaviors,16, 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.10.016.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference DiBartoli, P. M., Albano, A. M., Barlow, D. H., & Heimberg, R. G. (1998). Cross-informant agreement in the assessment of social phobia in youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,26, 631–655. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022624318795.CrossRef
DiBartoli, P. M., Albano, A. M., Barlow, D. H., & Heimberg, R. G. (1998). Cross-informant agreement in the assessment of social phobia in youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,26, 631–655. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022624318795.CrossRef
go back to reference Dozois, D. J. A., Eichstedt, J. A., Collins, K. A., Phoenix, E., & Harris, K. (2012). Core beliefs, self-perception, and cognitive organization in depressed adolescents. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy,5, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2012.5.1.99.CrossRef
Dozois, D. J. A., Eichstedt, J. A., Collins, K. A., Phoenix, E., & Harris, K. (2012). Core beliefs, self-perception, and cognitive organization in depressed adolescents. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy,5, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2012.5.1.99.CrossRef
go back to reference Dozois, D. J. A., Martin, R. A., & Faulkner, B. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas, styles of humor and aggression. Humor,26, 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2013-0006.CrossRef
Dozois, D. J. A., Martin, R. A., & Faulkner, B. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas, styles of humor and aggression. Humor,26, 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2013-0006.CrossRef
go back to reference Esmaeilian, N., Dehghani, M., Koster, E. H. W., & Hoorelbeke, K. (2019). Early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder features in a nonclinical sample: A network analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,26, 388–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2360.CrossRef
Esmaeilian, N., Dehghani, M., Koster, E. H. W., & Hoorelbeke, K. (2019). Early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder features in a nonclinical sample: A network analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,26, 388–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2360.CrossRef
go back to reference Fairburn, C. G., & Cooper, Z. (2007). Thinking afresh about the classification of eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders,40, S107–S110. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20460.CrossRefPubMed
Fairburn, C. G., & Cooper, Z. (2007). Thinking afresh about the classification of eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders,40, S107–S110. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20460.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Frías, Á., Navarro, S., Palma, C., Farriols, N., Aliaga, F., Salvador, A., et al. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas associated with dimensional and categorical psychopathology in patients with borderline personality disorder. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,25, e30–e41. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2123.CrossRef
Frías, Á., Navarro, S., Palma, C., Farriols, N., Aliaga, F., Salvador, A., et al. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas associated with dimensional and categorical psychopathology in patients with borderline personality disorder. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,25, e30–e41. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2123.CrossRef
go back to reference Friedmann, J. S., Lumley, M. N., & Lerman, B. (2016). Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,45, 32–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2015.1100212.CrossRefPubMed
Friedmann, J. S., Lumley, M. N., & Lerman, B. (2016). Cognitive schemas as longitudinal predictors of self-reported adolescent depressive symptoms and resilience. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,45, 32–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2015.1100212.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gay, L. E., Harding, H. G., Jackson, J. L., Burns, E. E., & Baker, B. D. (2013). Attachment style and early maladaptive schemas as mediators of the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and intimate partner violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma,22, 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2013.775982.CrossRef
Gay, L. E., Harding, H. G., Jackson, J. L., Burns, E. E., & Baker, B. D. (2013). Attachment style and early maladaptive schemas as mediators of the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and intimate partner violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma,22, 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2013.775982.CrossRef
go back to reference Giesen-Bloo, J., van Dyck, R., Spinhoven, P., van Tilburg, W., Dirksen, C., van Asselt, T., . . . Arntz, A. (2006). Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Randomized trial of schema-focused therapy vs transference-focused psychotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 649–658. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/209673.
Giesen-Bloo, J., van Dyck, R., Spinhoven, P., van Tilburg, W., Dirksen, C., van Asselt, T., . . . Arntz, A. (2006). Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Randomized trial of schema-focused therapy vs transference-focused psychotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 649–658. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/209673.
go back to reference Gong, J., & Chan, R. C. K. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas as mediators between childhood maltreatment and later psychological distress among Chinese college students. Psychiatry Research,259, 493–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.019.CrossRefPubMed
Gong, J., & Chan, R. C. K. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas as mediators between childhood maltreatment and later psychological distress among Chinese college students. Psychiatry Research,259, 493–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.019.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference González-Díez, Z., Calvete, E., Riskind, J. H., & Orue, I. (2015). Test of an hypothesized structural model of the relationships between cognitive style and social anxiety: A 12-month prospective study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders,30, 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.12.014.CrossRefPubMed
González-Díez, Z., Calvete, E., Riskind, J. H., & Orue, I. (2015). Test of an hypothesized structural model of the relationships between cognitive style and social anxiety: A 12-month prospective study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders,30, 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.12.014.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Güner, O. (2017). Psychometric properties and normative values of early maladaptive schema questionnaires set for children and adolescents (SQS). Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,24, 534–554. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2049.CrossRef
Güner, O. (2017). Psychometric properties and normative values of early maladaptive schema questionnaires set for children and adolescents (SQS). Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,24, 534–554. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2049.CrossRef
go back to reference Halvorsen, M., Wang, C. E., Eisemann, M., & Waterloo, K. (2010). Dysfunctional attitudes and early maladaptive schemas as predictors of depression: A 9-year follow-up study. Cognitive Therapy & Research,34, 368–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9259-5.CrossRef
Halvorsen, M., Wang, C. E., Eisemann, M., & Waterloo, K. (2010). Dysfunctional attitudes and early maladaptive schemas as predictors of depression: A 9-year follow-up study. Cognitive Therapy & Research,34, 368–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9259-5.CrossRef
go back to reference Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,107, 128–140. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.107.1.128.CrossRefPubMed
Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,107, 128–140. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.107.1.128.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Harding, H. G., Burns, E. E., & Jackson, J. L. (2012). Identification of child sexual abuse survivor subgroups based on early maladaptive schemas: Implications for understanding differences in posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity. Cognitive Therapy and Research,36, 560–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9385-8.CrossRef
Harding, H. G., Burns, E. E., & Jackson, J. L. (2012). Identification of child sexual abuse survivor subgroups based on early maladaptive schemas: Implications for understanding differences in posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity. Cognitive Therapy and Research,36, 560–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9385-8.CrossRef
go back to reference Hawke, L. D., & Provencher, M. D. (2011). Schema theory and schema therapy in mood and anxiety disorders: A review. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly,25, 257–276. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.25.4.257.CrossRef
Hawke, L. D., & Provencher, M. D. (2011). Schema theory and schema therapy in mood and anxiety disorders: A review. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly,25, 257–276. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.25.4.257.CrossRef
go back to reference Hoffart, A., Sexton, H., Hedley, L. M., Wang, C. E., Holthe, H., Haugum, J. A., et al. (2005). The structure of maladaptive schemas: A confirmatory factor analysis and a psychometric evaluation of factor-derived scales. Cognitive Therapy & Research,29, 627–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-9630-0.CrossRef
Hoffart, A., Sexton, H., Hedley, L. M., Wang, C. E., Holthe, H., Haugum, J. A., et al. (2005). The structure of maladaptive schemas: A confirmatory factor analysis and a psychometric evaluation of factor-derived scales. Cognitive Therapy & Research,29, 627–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-9630-0.CrossRef
go back to reference Hulbert, C. A., Jennings, T. C., Jackson, H. J., & Chanen, A. M. (2011). Attachment style and schema as predictors of social functioning in youth with borderline features. Personality and Mental Health,5, 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.169.CrossRef
Hulbert, C. A., Jennings, T. C., Jackson, H. J., & Chanen, A. M. (2011). Attachment style and schema as predictors of social functioning in youth with borderline features. Personality and Mental Health,5, 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.169.CrossRef
go back to reference Kellogg, S. H., & Young, J. E. (2006). Schema therapy for borderline personality disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology,62, 445–458. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20240.CrossRefPubMed
Kellogg, S. H., & Young, J. E. (2006). Schema therapy for borderline personality disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology,62, 445–458. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20240.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Khorramdel, K., Abolghasemi, A., Rakhshani, T., Nikdast, S. P., & Rajabi, S. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas as predictor of adolescents runaway. Archives of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy,15, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.12740/APP/20629.CrossRef
Khorramdel, K., Abolghasemi, A., Rakhshani, T., Nikdast, S. P., & Rajabi, S. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas as predictor of adolescents runaway. Archives of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy,15, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.12740/APP/20629.CrossRef
go back to reference Klibert, J., Lamis, D. A., Naufel, K., Yancey, C. T., & Lohr, S. (2015). Associations between perfectionism and generalized anxiety: Examining cognitive schemas and gender. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy,33, 160–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-015-0208-9.CrossRef
Klibert, J., Lamis, D. A., Naufel, K., Yancey, C. T., & Lohr, S. (2015). Associations between perfectionism and generalized anxiety: Examining cognitive schemas and gender. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy,33, 160–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-015-0208-9.CrossRef
go back to reference Kmet, L., Lee, R., & Cook, L. (2001). Standard quality assessment criteria for evaluating primary research papers from a variety of fields. Edmonton: Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR).
Kmet, L., Lee, R., & Cook, L. (2001). Standard quality assessment criteria for evaluating primary research papers from a variety of fields. Edmonton: Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR).
go back to reference Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Thompson, K., Selwyn, C., Finnegan, H., & Misra, T. (2017). Maladaptive schemas mediate poor parental attachment and suicidality in college students. Death Studies,41, 337–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2017.1280714.CrossRefPubMed
Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Thompson, K., Selwyn, C., Finnegan, H., & Misra, T. (2017). Maladaptive schemas mediate poor parental attachment and suicidality in college students. Death Studies,41, 337–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2017.1280714.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lawrence, K., Allen, J., & Chanen, A. (2011). A study of maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder in young people. Cognitive Therapy & Research,35, 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9292-4.CrossRef
Lawrence, K., Allen, J., & Chanen, A. (2011). A study of maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder in young people. Cognitive Therapy & Research,35, 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9292-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Lewis, S. P., Lumley, M. N., & Grunberg, P. H. (2015). Early maladaptive schemas and non-suicidal self-injury among young adults: A preliminary investigation. Counselling Psychology Quarterly,28, 386–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2015.1074887.CrossRef
Lewis, S. P., Lumley, M. N., & Grunberg, P. H. (2015). Early maladaptive schemas and non-suicidal self-injury among young adults: A preliminary investigation. Counselling Psychology Quarterly,28, 386–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2015.1074887.CrossRef
go back to reference Lumley, M. N., & Harkness, K. L. (2007). Specificity in the relations among childhood adversity, early maladaptive schemas and symptom profiles in adolescent depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research,31, 639–657. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-006-9100-3.CrossRef
Lumley, M. N., & Harkness, K. L. (2007). Specificity in the relations among childhood adversity, early maladaptive schemas and symptom profiles in adolescent depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research,31, 639–657. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-006-9100-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Masley, S. A., Gillanders, D. T., Simpson, S. G., & Taylor, M. A. (2012). A systematic review of the evidence base for schema therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,41, 185–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2011.614274.CrossRefPubMed
Masley, S. A., Gillanders, D. T., Simpson, S. G., & Taylor, M. A. (2012). A systematic review of the evidence base for schema therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,41, 185–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2011.614274.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mateos-Pérez, E., Calvete, E., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). Negative inferences as mediators of the predictive association between early maladaptive schemas and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,34, 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.3.259.CrossRef
Mateos-Pérez, E., Calvete, E., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). Negative inferences as mediators of the predictive association between early maladaptive schemas and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,34, 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.3.259.CrossRef
go back to reference Meyer, C., & Gillings, K. (2004). Parental bonding and bulimic psychopathology: The mediating role of mistrust/abuse beliefs. International Journal of Eating Disorders,35, 229–233. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.10236.CrossRefPubMed
Meyer, C., & Gillings, K. (2004). Parental bonding and bulimic psychopathology: The mediating role of mistrust/abuse beliefs. International Journal of Eating Disorders,35, 229–233. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.10236.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Meyer, C., Leung, N., Feary, R., & Mann, B. (2001). Core beliefs and bulimic symptomatology in non-eating-disordered women: The mediating role of borderline characteristics. International Journal of Eating Disorders,30, 434–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.1104.CrossRefPubMed
Meyer, C., Leung, N., Feary, R., & Mann, B. (2001). Core beliefs and bulimic symptomatology in non-eating-disordered women: The mediating role of borderline characteristics. International Journal of Eating Disorders,30, 434–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.1104.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., … Group, P.-P. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1.CrossRef
Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., … Group, P.-P. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1.CrossRef
go back to reference Muris, P. (2006). Maladapative schemas in non-clinical adolescents: Relations to perceived parental rearing behaviours, big five personality factors and psychopathological symptoms. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,13, 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.506.CrossRef
Muris, P. (2006). Maladapative schemas in non-clinical adolescents: Relations to perceived parental rearing behaviours, big five personality factors and psychopathological symptoms. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,13, 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.506.CrossRef
go back to reference O'Dougherty Wright, M., Crawford, E., & Del Castillo, D. (2009). Childhood emotional maltreatment and later psychological distress among college students: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Child Abuse & Neglect,33, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.007.CrossRef
O'Dougherty Wright, M., Crawford, E., & Del Castillo, D. (2009). Childhood emotional maltreatment and later psychological distress among college students: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Child Abuse & Neglect,33, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.007.CrossRef
go back to reference Oei, T. P. S., & Baranoff, J. (2007). Young Schema Questionnaire: Review of psychometric and measurement issues. Australian Journal of Psychology,59, 78–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530601148397.CrossRef
Oei, T. P. S., & Baranoff, J. (2007). Young Schema Questionnaire: Review of psychometric and measurement issues. Australian Journal of Psychology,59, 78–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530601148397.CrossRef
go back to reference Orue, I., Calvete, E., & Padilla, P. (2014). Brooding rumination as a mediator in the relation between early maladaptive schemas and symptoms of depression and social anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence,37, 1281–1291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.09.004.CrossRefPubMed
Orue, I., Calvete, E., & Padilla, P. (2014). Brooding rumination as a mediator in the relation between early maladaptive schemas and symptoms of depression and social anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence,37, 1281–1291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.09.004.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Petrocelli, J. V., Glaser, B. A., Calhoun, G. B., & Campbell, L. F. (2001). Early maladaptive schemas of personality disorder subtypes. Journal of Personality Disorders,15, 546–559. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.15.6.546.19189.CrossRefPubMed
Petrocelli, J. V., Glaser, B. A., Calhoun, G. B., & Campbell, L. F. (2001). Early maladaptive schemas of personality disorder subtypes. Journal of Personality Disorders,15, 546–559. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.15.6.546.19189.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Reeves, M., & Taylor, J. (2007). Specific relationships between core beliefs and personality disorder symptoms in a non-clinical sample. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,14, 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.519.CrossRef
Reeves, M., & Taylor, J. (2007). Specific relationships between core beliefs and personality disorder symptoms in a non-clinical sample. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,14, 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.519.CrossRef
go back to reference Richardson, G. (2005). Early maladaptive schemas in a sample of British adolescent sexual abusers: implications for therapy. Journal of Sexual Aggression,11, 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600500402419.CrossRef
Richardson, G. (2005). Early maladaptive schemas in a sample of British adolescent sexual abusers: implications for therapy. Journal of Sexual Aggression,11, 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600500402419.CrossRef
go back to reference Rickwood, D., White, A., & Eckersley, R. (2007). Overview of current trends in mental health problems for Australia's youth and adolescents. Clinical Psychologist,11, 72–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284200701870970.CrossRef
Rickwood, D., White, A., & Eckersley, R. (2007). Overview of current trends in mental health problems for Australia's youth and adolescents. Clinical Psychologist,11, 72–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284200701870970.CrossRef
go back to reference Rijkeboer, M. M., & de Boo, G. M. (2010). Early maladaptive schemas in children: Development and validation of the schema inventory for children. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry,41, 102–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.11.001.CrossRefPubMed
Rijkeboer, M. M., & de Boo, G. M. (2010). Early maladaptive schemas in children: Development and validation of the schema inventory for children. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry,41, 102–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.11.001.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Roelofs, J., Lee, C., Ruijten, T., & Lobbestael, J. (2011). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relation between quality of attachment relationships and symptoms of depression in adolescents. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,39, 471–479. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465811000117.CrossRefPubMed
Roelofs, J., Lee, C., Ruijten, T., & Lobbestael, J. (2011). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relation between quality of attachment relationships and symptoms of depression in adolescents. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,39, 471–479. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465811000117.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Roelofs, J., Onckels, L., & Muris, P. (2013). Attachment quality and psychopathological symptoms in clinically referred adolescents: The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas. Journal of Child and Family Studies,22, 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9589-x.CrossRefPubMed
Roelofs, J., Onckels, L., & Muris, P. (2013). Attachment quality and psychopathological symptoms in clinically referred adolescents: The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas. Journal of Child and Family Studies,22, 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9589-x.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Roemmele, M., & Messman-Moore, T. L. (2011). Child abuse, early maladaptive schemas, and risky sexual behavior in college women. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse,20, 264–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2011.575445.CrossRefPubMed
Roemmele, M., & Messman-Moore, T. L. (2011). Child abuse, early maladaptive schemas, and risky sexual behavior in college women. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse,20, 264–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2011.575445.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sajadi, S. F., Arshadi, N., Zargar, Y., Mehrabizade Honarmand, M., & Hajjari, Z. (2015). Borderline personality features in students: The predicting role of schema, emotion regulation, dissociative experience and suicidal ideation. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction,4, e20021. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.20021v2.CrossRefPubMed
Sajadi, S. F., Arshadi, N., Zargar, Y., Mehrabizade Honarmand, M., & Hajjari, Z. (2015). Borderline personality features in students: The predicting role of schema, emotion regulation, dissociative experience and suicidal ideation. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction,4, e20021. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.20021v2.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Santos, L., Vagos, P., & Rijo, D. (2018). Dimensionality and measurement invariance of a brief form of the Young Schema Questionnaire for Adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies,27, 2100–2111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1050-3.CrossRef
Santos, L., Vagos, P., & Rijo, D. (2018). Dimensionality and measurement invariance of a brief form of the Young Schema Questionnaire for Adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies,27, 2100–2111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1050-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Saritaş-Atalar, D., & Gencoz, T. (2015). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between maternal rejection and psychological problems. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 26, 40–47. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25742036.
Saritaş-Atalar, D., & Gencoz, T. (2015). The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between maternal rejection and psychological problems. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 26, 40–47. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25742036.
go back to reference Saritaş, D., & Gençöz, T. (2011). Psychometric properties of "Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3" in a Turkish adolescent sample. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapies,11, 83–96.
Saritaş, D., & Gençöz, T. (2011). Psychometric properties of "Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3" in a Turkish adolescent sample. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapies,11, 83–96.
go back to reference Schniering, C. A., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). The relationship between automatic thoughts and negative emotions in children and adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,113, 464–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.3.464.CrossRefPubMed
Schniering, C. A., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). The relationship between automatic thoughts and negative emotions in children and adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,113, 464–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.3.464.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shorey, R. C., Stuart, G. L., & Anderson, S. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas among young adult male substance abusers: A comparison with a non-clinical group. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment,44, 522–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2012.12.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Shorey, R. C., Stuart, G. L., & Anderson, S. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas among young adult male substance abusers: A comparison with a non-clinical group. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment,44, 522–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2012.12.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Shorey, R. C., Stuart, G. L., & Anderson, S. (2014). Differences in early maladaptive schemas between a sample of young adult female substance abusers and a non-clinical comparison group. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,21, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1803.CrossRefPubMed
Shorey, R. C., Stuart, G. L., & Anderson, S. (2014). Differences in early maladaptive schemas between a sample of young adult female substance abusers and a non-clinical comparison group. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,21, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1803.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Simons, R. M., Sistad, R. E., Simons, J. S., & Hansen, J. (2018). The role of distress tolerance in the relationship between cognitive schemas and alcohol problems among college students. Addictive Behaviors,78, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.020.CrossRefPubMed
Simons, R. M., Sistad, R. E., Simons, J. S., & Hansen, J. (2018). The role of distress tolerance in the relationship between cognitive schemas and alcohol problems among college students. Addictive Behaviors,78, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.020.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Stallard, P. (2007). Early maladaptive schemas in children: Stability and differences between a community and a clinic referred sample. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,14, 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.511.CrossRef
Stallard, P. (2007). Early maladaptive schemas in children: Stability and differences between a community and a clinic referred sample. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,14, 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.511.CrossRef
go back to reference Turner, H. M., Rose, K. S., & Cooper, M. J. (2005a). Parental bonding and eating disorder symptoms in adolescents: The meditating role of core beliefs. Eating Behaviors,6, 113–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.08.010.CrossRefPubMed
Turner, H. M., Rose, K. S., & Cooper, M. J. (2005a). Parental bonding and eating disorder symptoms in adolescents: The meditating role of core beliefs. Eating Behaviors,6, 113–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.08.010.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Turner, H. M., Rose, K. S., & Cooper, M. J. (2005b). Schema and parental bonding in overweight and nonoverweight female adolescents. International Journal of Obesity,29, 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802915.CrossRefPubMed
Turner, H. M., Rose, K. S., & Cooper, M. J. (2005b). Schema and parental bonding in overweight and nonoverweight female adolescents. International Journal of Obesity,29, 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802915.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Van Vlierberghe, L., & Braet, C. (2007). Dysfunctional schemas and psychopathology in referred obese adolescents. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,14, 342–351. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.546.CrossRef
Van Vlierberghe, L., & Braet, C. (2007). Dysfunctional schemas and psychopathology in referred obese adolescents. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,14, 342–351. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.546.CrossRef
go back to reference Van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., Bosmans, G., Rosseel, Y., & Bogels, S. (2010). Maladaptive schemas and psychopathology in adolescence: On the utility of Young's schema theory in youth. Cognitive Therapy Research,34, 316–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9283-5.CrossRef
Van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., Bosmans, G., Rosseel, Y., & Bogels, S. (2010). Maladaptive schemas and psychopathology in adolescence: On the utility of Young's schema theory in youth. Cognitive Therapy Research,34, 316–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9283-5.CrossRef
go back to reference Van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., & Goossens, L. (2009). Dysfunctional schemas and eating pathology in overweight youth: A case-control study. International Journal of Eating Disorders,42, 437–442. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20638.CrossRefPubMed
Van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C., & Goossens, L. (2009). Dysfunctional schemas and eating pathology in overweight youth: A case-control study. International Journal of Eating Disorders,42, 437–442. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20638.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference van Wijk-Herbrink, M. F., Bernstein, D. P., Broers, N. J., Roelofs, J., Rijkeboer, M. M., & Arntz, A. (2018). Internalizing and externalizing behaviors share a common predictor: The effects of early maladaptive schemas are mediated by coping responses and schema modes. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,46, 907–920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-017-0386-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
van Wijk-Herbrink, M. F., Bernstein, D. P., Broers, N. J., Roelofs, J., Rijkeboer, M. M., & Arntz, A. (2018). Internalizing and externalizing behaviors share a common predictor: The effects of early maladaptive schemas are mediated by coping responses and schema modes. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,46, 907–920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-017-0386-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Yan, Y. L., Wang, J. P., Yu, W., He, L., & Oei, T. P. S. (2018). Young Schema Questionnaire: Factor structure and specificity in relation to anxiety in Chinese adolescents. Psychiatry Investigation,15, 41–48. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2018.15.1.41.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Yan, Y. L., Wang, J. P., Yu, W., He, L., & Oei, T. P. S. (2018). Young Schema Questionnaire: Factor structure and specificity in relation to anxiety in Chinese adolescents. Psychiatry Investigation,15, 41–48. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2018.15.1.41.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Yiğit, İ., Kılıç, H., Guzey Yiğit, M., & Çelik, C. (2018). Emotional and physical maltreatment, early maladaptive schemas, and internalizing disorders in adolescents: A multi-group path model of clinical and non-clinical samples. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0068-4.CrossRef
Yiğit, İ., Kılıç, H., Guzey Yiğit, M., & Çelik, C. (2018). Emotional and physical maltreatment, early maladaptive schemas, and internalizing disorders in adolescents: A multi-group path model of clinical and non-clinical samples. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0068-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Young, J. E. (1990). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.
Young, J. E. (1990). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.
go back to reference Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (rev. ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resources Press.
Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (rev. ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resources Press.
go back to reference Young, J. E. (2006). Young Schema Questionnaire-S3. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center.
Young, J. E. (2006). Young Schema Questionnaire-S3. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center.
go back to reference Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (1990). Young Schema Questionnaire-LF. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center of New York.
Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (1990). Young Schema Questionnaire-LF. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center of New York.
go back to reference Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (1994). Young Schema Questionnaire-SF. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center.
Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (1994). Young Schema Questionnaire-SF. New York: Cognitive Therapy Center.
go back to reference Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (2003). Young Schema Questionnaire-L3. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange.
Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (2003). Young Schema Questionnaire-L3. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange.
go back to reference Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (2005). Young Schema Questionnaire: Short Form, Version 3. New York: Schema Therapy Institute.
Young, J. E., & Brown, G. K. (2005). Young Schema Questionnaire: Short Form, Version 3. New York: Schema Therapy Institute.
go back to reference Young, J. E., Klosko, J., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Yu, M., Xu, W., Xie, Q., Zhu, Y., Chasson, G. S., & Wang, J. (2017). Automatic thoughts as a predictor of internalizing and externalizing problems in Chinese adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis with age effects. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,58, 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12373.CrossRefPubMed
Yu, M., Xu, W., Xie, Q., Zhu, Y., Chasson, G. S., & Wang, J. (2017). Automatic thoughts as a predictor of internalizing and externalizing problems in Chinese adolescents: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis with age effects. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,58, 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12373.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Zeigler-Hill, V., Green, B. A., Arnau, R. C., Sisemore, T. B., & Myers, E. M. (2011). Trouble ahead, trouble behind: Narcissism and early maladaptive schemas. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry,42, 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.07.004.CrossRefPubMed
Zeigler-Hill, V., Green, B. A., Arnau, R. C., Sisemore, T. B., & Myers, E. M. (2011). Trouble ahead, trouble behind: Narcissism and early maladaptive schemas. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry,42, 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.07.004.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
- Titel
- The Relationships Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Youth Mental Health: A Systematic Review
- Auteurs
-
Annemarie Nicol
Anita S. Mak
Kristen Murray
Iain Walker
Dean Buckmaster
- Publicatiedatum
- 28-03-2020
- Uitgeverij
- Springer US
- Gepubliceerd in
-
Cognitive Therapy and Research
/ Uitgave 4/2020
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10092-6
