Welkom bij Scalda & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Scalda heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen.Je kunt de producten hieronder links aanschaffen en rechts inloggen.
Gepubliceerd in:
23-04-2024 | Original Article
Interpretation Bias and Adolescent Social Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Pre- and Post-Event Rumination
Auteurs: Meng Yu, Jianping Wang
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 5/2024
Log in om toegang te krijgenshare
DELEN
Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)
-
Optie A:
-
Optie B:Deel de link per e-mail
Abstract
Background
Interpretation bias (IB), pre- and post-event rumination are related to adolescent social anxiety (SA). However, although postulated theoretically, the mediating role of pre- and post-event rumination between IB and SA has not been examined in adolescents. In addition, post-event rumination was found to differ in varying social situations (e.g., speech vs. interaction). Therefore, by establishing social tasks, the current research investigated whether: (i) pre- and post-event rumination mediated the association between IB and SA among adolescents, and (ii) this mediation was moderated by situational type.
Methods
In Study 1, 31 socially anxious adolescents and 37 controls were recruited and then primed with a speech task. In Study 2, 61 socially anxious adolescents were randomly assigned to a speech (n = 31) or interaction (n = 30) task. In both studies, baseline IB and SA, state pre-event rumination before starting the social task, post-event rumination and SA after social task were measured.
Results
IB affected adolescents’ SA via pre- and post-event rumination; however, the mediation effect was found only in the speech task.
Conclusions
Findings provide potential approaches for reducing adolescent SA by targeting IB and rumination and showed the situational adaptability of the cognitive model of social anxiety disorder among adolescents.
Log in om toegang te krijgen
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Voetnoten
2
We aimed to investigate the situational effect of social tasks; hence, a between-subjects design, rather than a common counterbalance within-subjects design across two social tasks, was adopted in Study 2.
3
Combined with the findings from Study 1, as the significant situation difference existed in the post-event rumination right after the task (PEPI_T_R2), therefore, we again examined the mediation model, i.e., SocNeg—PEPI_T_T1—PEPI_T_T2—SA_T3. Results, however, showed that none of the mediation paths were significant (β1β6 = 0.002, p = .86, 95%CI = − 0.07 ~ 0.07; β5β3 = − 0.02, p = .44, 95%CI = − 0.09 ~ 0.04; β1β2β3 = 0.006, p = .78, 95%CI = − 0.08 ~ 0.13). A possible explanation is that all participants in the current study were socially anxious adolescents, so their homogeneity narrowed the distribution of SA scores and reduced the standard deviation, which may have affected the significance of the path coefficients of this complex mediation model. Therefore, in the following processes two moderated mediation models were separately conducted.
Literatuur
go back to reference Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(1), 136–144. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.136.CrossRefPubMed
Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(1), 136–144. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.136.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Acquah, E. O., Topalli, P. Z., Wilson, M. L., Junttila, N., & Niemi, P. M. (2016). Adolescent loneliness and social anxiety as predictors of bullying victimisation. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 21(3), 320–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2015.1083449.CrossRef
Acquah, E. O., Topalli, P. Z., Wilson, M. L., Junttila, N., & Niemi, P. M. (2016). Adolescent loneliness and social anxiety as predictors of bullying victimisation. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 21(3), 320–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2015.1083449.CrossRef
go back to reference Allen, K. B., Woody, M. L., Rosen, D., Price, R. B., Amole, M. C., & Silk, J. S. (2020). Validating a mobile eye tracking measure of integrated attention bias and interpretation bias in youth. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(3), 668–677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-019-10071-6.CrossRefPubMed
Allen, K. B., Woody, M. L., Rosen, D., Price, R. B., Amole, M. C., & Silk, J. S. (2020). Validating a mobile eye tracking measure of integrated attention bias and interpretation bias in youth. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(3), 668–677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-019-10071-6.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
go back to reference Angold, A., Costello, E. J., Messer, S. C., & Winder, F. (1995). Development of a questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5(4), 237–249. https://doi.org/1049-8931/95/040237-13
Angold, A., Costello, E. J., Messer, S. C., & Winder, F. (1995). Development of a questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5(4), 237–249. https://doi.org/1049-8931/95/040237-13
go back to reference Badra, M., Schulze, L., Becker, E. S., Vrijsen, J. N., Renneberg, B., & Zetsche, U. (2017). The association between ruminative thinking and negative interpretation bias in social anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 31(6), 1234–1242. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1193477.CrossRefPubMed
Badra, M., Schulze, L., Becker, E. S., Vrijsen, J. N., Renneberg, B., & Zetsche, U. (2017). The association between ruminative thinking and negative interpretation bias in social anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 31(6), 1234–1242. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1193477.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Barry, T. J., Yeung, S. P., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2018). Meta-analysis of the influence of age on symptom change following cognitive-behavioural treatment for anxiety disorders. Journal of Adolescence, 68, 232–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
Barry, T. J., Yeung, S. P., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2018). Meta-analysis of the influence of age on symptom change following cognitive-behavioural treatment for anxiety disorders. Journal of Adolescence, 68, 232–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Blackie, R. A., & Kocovski, N. L. (2017). Development and validation of the trait and state versions of the Post-event Processing Inventory. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 30(2), 202–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2016.1230668.CrossRefPubMed
Blackie, R. A., & Kocovski, N. L. (2017). Development and validation of the trait and state versions of the Post-event Processing Inventory. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 30(2), 202–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2016.1230668.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., Van den Bos, E., & Westenberg, P. M. (2018). The role of performance quality in adolescents’ self-evaluation and rumination after a speech: Is it contingent on social anxiety level? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 47(2), 148–163. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465818000310.CrossRefPubMed
Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., Van den Bos, E., & Westenberg, P. M. (2018). The role of performance quality in adolescents’ self-evaluation and rumination after a speech: Is it contingent on social anxiety level? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 47(2), 148–163. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465818000310.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., Van den Bos, E., & Westenberg, P. M. (2019). Negative social self-cognitions: How shyness may lead to social anxiety. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 63, 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2019.05.003.CrossRef
Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., Van den Bos, E., & Westenberg, P. M. (2019). Negative social self-cognitions: How shyness may lead to social anxiety. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 63, 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2019.05.003.CrossRef
go back to reference Brown, M., & Stopa, L. (2006). Does anticipation help or hinder performance in a subsequent speech? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 35(2), 133–147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465806003481.CrossRef
Brown, M., & Stopa, L. (2006). Does anticipation help or hinder performance in a subsequent speech? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 35(2), 133–147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465806003481.CrossRef
go back to reference Brozovich, F., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). An analysis of post-event processing in social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 891–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2008.01.002.CrossRefPubMed
Brozovich, F., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). An analysis of post-event processing in social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 891–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2008.01.002.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Buckner, J. D., Maner, J. K., & Schmidt, N. B. (2010). Difficulty disengaging attention from social threat in social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(1), 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-008-9205-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Buckner, J. D., Maner, J. K., & Schmidt, N. B. (2010). Difficulty disengaging attention from social threat in social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(1), 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-008-9205-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Burstein, M., He, J. P., Kattan, G., Albano, A. M., Avenevoli, S., & Merikangas, K. R. (2011). Social phobia and subtypes in the National Comorbidity Survey adolescent supplement: Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity. Bone, 23(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2014.371.CrossRef
Burstein, M., He, J. P., Kattan, G., Albano, A. M., Avenevoli, S., & Merikangas, K. R. (2011). Social phobia and subtypes in the National Comorbidity Survey adolescent supplement: Prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity. Bone, 23(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2014.371.CrossRef
go back to reference Caballo, V. E., Salazar, I. C., Irurtia, M. J., Arias, B., Hofmann, S. G., & Research Team, C. (2008). Social anxiety in 18 nations: Sext and gender differences. Behavioral Psychology/Psicologia Conductural, 16(2), 163–187.
Caballo, V. E., Salazar, I. C., Irurtia, M. J., Arias, B., Hofmann, S. G., & Research Team, C. (2008). Social anxiety in 18 nations: Sext and gender differences. Behavioral Psychology/Psicologia Conductural, 16(2), 163–187.
go back to reference Çek, D., Sánchez, A., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Social anxiety-linked attention bias to threat is indirectly related to post-event processing via subjective emotional reactivity to social stress. Behavior Therapy, 47(3), 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.02.007.CrossRefPubMed
Çek, D., Sánchez, A., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Social anxiety-linked attention bias to threat is indirectly related to post-event processing via subjective emotional reactivity to social stress. Behavior Therapy, 47(3), 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.02.007.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Chapman, J., Halldorsson, B., & Creswell, C. (2020). Mental imagery in social anxiety in children and young people: A systematic review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 23(3), 379–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-020-00316-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Chapman, J., Halldorsson, B., & Creswell, C. (2020). Mental imagery in social anxiety in children and young people: A systematic review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 23(3), 379–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-020-00316-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Cheng, P., Cao, F., & Su, L. (2009). Reliability and validity of the short Mood and feelings Questionnaire in Chinese adolescents. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 23(1), 60–63. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2009.01.016.CrossRef
Cheng, P., Cao, F., & Su, L. (2009). Reliability and validity of the short Mood and feelings Questionnaire in Chinese adolescents. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 23(1), 60–63. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2009.01.016.CrossRef
go back to reference Chiu, K., Clark, D. M., & Leigh, E. (2021). Cognitive predictors of adolescent social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 137, 103801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103801.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Chiu, K., Clark, D. M., & Leigh, E. (2021). Cognitive predictors of adolescent social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 137, 103801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103801.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). The Guildford.
Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). The Guildford.
go back to reference Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003). Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(8), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837.CrossRefPubMed
Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003). Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(8), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Creswell, C., Murray, L., & Cooper, P. (2014). Interpretation and expectation in childhood anxiety disorders: Age effects and social specificity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(3), 453–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9795-z.CrossRefPubMed
Creswell, C., Murray, L., & Cooper, P. (2014). Interpretation and expectation in childhood anxiety disorders: Age effects and social specificity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(3), 453–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9795-z.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Daniel, K. E., Daros, A. R., Beltzer, M. L., Boukhechba, M., Barnes, L. E., & Teachman, B. A. (2020). How anxious are you right now? Using ecological momentary assessment to evaluate the effects of cognitive bias modification for social threat interpretations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(3), 538–556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10088-2.CrossRef
Daniel, K. E., Daros, A. R., Beltzer, M. L., Boukhechba, M., Barnes, L. E., & Teachman, B. A. (2020). How anxious are you right now? Using ecological momentary assessment to evaluate the effects of cognitive bias modification for social threat interpretations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(3), 538–556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10088-2.CrossRef
go back to reference Donohue, H. E., Modini, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2024). Psychological interventions for pre-event and post-event rumination in social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 102, 102823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102823.CrossRefPubMed
Donohue, H. E., Modini, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2024). Psychological interventions for pre-event and post-event rumination in social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 102, 102823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102823.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Edwards, J. R., & Lambert, L. S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1.CrossRefPubMed
Edwards, J. R., & Lambert, L. S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Fang, J., Zhang, M., & Chiou, H. (2012). Mediation analysis and effect size measurement: Retrospect and prospect. Psychological Development and Education, 28(1), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2012.01.015.CrossRef
Fang, J., Zhang, M., & Chiou, H. (2012). Mediation analysis and effect size measurement: Retrospect and prospect. Psychological Development and Education, 28(1), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2012.01.015.CrossRef
go back to reference Fehm, L., Schneider, G., & Hoyer, J. (2007). Is post-event processing specific for social anxiety? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 38(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.02.004.CrossRefPubMed
Fehm, L., Schneider, G., & Hoyer, J. (2007). Is post-event processing specific for social anxiety? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 38(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.02.004.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gutiérrez-García, A., & Calvo, M. G. (2017). Social anxiety and threat-related interpretation of dynamic facial expressions: Sensitivity and response bias. Personality and Individual Differences, 107, 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.025.CrossRef
Gutiérrez-García, A., & Calvo, M. G. (2017). Social anxiety and threat-related interpretation of dynamic facial expressions: Sensitivity and response bias. Personality and Individual Differences, 107, 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.025.CrossRef
go back to reference Haller, S. P. W., Raeder, S. M., Scerif, G., Kadosh, K. C., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2016). Measuring online interpretations and attributions of social situations: Links with adolescent social anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 50, 250–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.09.009.CrossRefPubMed
Haller, S. P. W., Raeder, S. M., Scerif, G., Kadosh, K. C., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2016). Measuring online interpretations and attributions of social situations: Links with adolescent social anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 50, 250–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.09.009.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Heeren, A., Mogoa, C., Philippot, P., & McNally, R. J. (2015). Attention bias modification for social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 40, 76–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.06.001.CrossRefPubMed
Heeren, A., Mogoa, C., Philippot, P., & McNally, R. J. (2015). Attention bias modification for social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 40, 76–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.06.001.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hertel, P., Mor, N., Ferrari, C., Hunt, O., & Agrawal, N. (2014). Looking on the dark side: Rumination and cognitive-bias modification. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(6), 714–726. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614529111.CrossRef
Hertel, P., Mor, N., Ferrari, C., Hunt, O., & Agrawal, N. (2014). Looking on the dark side: Rumination and cognitive-bias modification. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(6), 714–726. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614529111.CrossRef
go back to reference Higa, C. K., & Daleiden, E. L. (2008). Social anxiety and cognitive biases in non-referred children: The interaction of self-focused attention and threat interpretation biases. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(3), 441–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.05.005.CrossRefPubMed
Higa, C. K., & Daleiden, E. L. (2008). Social anxiety and cognitive biases in non-referred children: The interaction of self-focused attention and threat interpretation biases. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(3), 441–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.05.005.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hirsch, C. R., Clark, D. M., & Mathews, A. (2006). Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: Support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy, 37(3), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.02.001.CrossRefPubMed
Hirsch, C. R., Clark, D. M., & Mathews, A. (2006). Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: Support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy, 37(3), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.02.001.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hodson, K. J., McManus, F. V., Clark, D. M., & Doll, H. (2008). Can Clark and Wells’ (1995) cognitive model of social phobia be applied to young people? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 36(4), 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465808004487.CrossRef
Hodson, K. J., McManus, F. V., Clark, D. M., & Doll, H. (2008). Can Clark and Wells’ (1995) cognitive model of social phobia be applied to young people? Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 36(4), 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465808004487.CrossRef
go back to reference Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 36(4), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506070701421313.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 36(4), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506070701421313.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Kashdan, T. B., & Herbert, J. D. (2001). Social anxiety disorder in childhood and adolescence: Current status and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(1), 37–61. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009576610507.CrossRefPubMed
Kashdan, T. B., & Herbert, J. D. (2001). Social anxiety disorder in childhood and adolescence: Current status and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(1), 37–61. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009576610507.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Katz, D. E., Cassin, S., Weerasinghe, R., & Rector, N. A. (2019). Changes in post-event processing during cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder: A longitudinal analysis using post-session measurement and experience sampling methodology. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 66, 102107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102107.CrossRefPubMed
Katz, D. E., Cassin, S., Weerasinghe, R., & Rector, N. A. (2019). Changes in post-event processing during cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder: A longitudinal analysis using post-session measurement and experience sampling methodology. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 66, 102107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102107.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kessler, R. C., Avenevoli, S., Costello, J., Georgiades, K., Green, G. J., Gruber, M. J., He, J., Koretz, D., MaLaughlin, K. A., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Zaslasky, A. M., & Merikangas, K. R. (2012). Prevalence, persistence, and sociodemographic correlates of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication adolescent supplement. Archives of General Psychiatry, 69(4), 372–380. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160.CrossRefPubMed
Kessler, R. C., Avenevoli, S., Costello, J., Georgiades, K., Green, G. J., Gruber, M. J., He, J., Koretz, D., MaLaughlin, K. A., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Zaslasky, A. M., & Merikangas, K. R. (2012). Prevalence, persistence, and sociodemographic correlates of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication adolescent supplement. Archives of General Psychiatry, 69(4), 372–380. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kiko, S., Stevens, S., Mall, A. K., Steil, R., Bohus, M., & Hermann, C. (2012). Predicting post-event processing in social anxiety disorder following two prototypical social situations: State variables and dispositional determinants. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(10), 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.001.CrossRefPubMed
Kiko, S., Stevens, S., Mall, A. K., Steil, R., Bohus, M., & Hermann, C. (2012). Predicting post-event processing in social anxiety disorder following two prototypical social situations: State variables and dispositional determinants. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(10), 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.001.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kocovski, N. L., & Rector, N. A. (2008). Post-event processing in social anxiety disorder: Idiosyncratic priming in the course of CBT. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 32(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-007-9152-z.CrossRef
Kocovski, N. L., & Rector, N. A. (2008). Post-event processing in social anxiety disorder: Idiosyncratic priming in the course of CBT. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 32(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-007-9152-z.CrossRef
go back to reference Krömer, L., Jarczok, T. A., Althen, H., Mühlherr, A. M., Howland, V., Jungmann, S. M., & Freitag, C. M. (2023). Implicit assumptions and interpretation bias in youth with severe, chronic social phobia. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 501–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01879-3.CrossRef
Krömer, L., Jarczok, T. A., Althen, H., Mühlherr, A. M., Howland, V., Jungmann, S. M., & Freitag, C. M. (2023). Implicit assumptions and interpretation bias in youth with severe, chronic social phobia. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 501–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01879-3.CrossRef
go back to reference La Greca, A. M., & Lopez, N. (1998). Social anxiety among adolescents: Linkages with peer relations and friendships. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022684520514
La Greca, A. M., & Lopez, N. (1998). Social anxiety among adolescents: Linkages with peer relations and friendships. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022684520514
go back to reference Lai, C. M., Mak, K. K., Watanabe, H., Jeong, J., Kim, D., Bahar, N., Ramos, M., Chen, S. H., & Cheng, C. (2015). The mediating role of internet addiction in depression, social anxiety, and psychosocial well-being among adolescents in six Asian countries: A structural equation modelling approach. Public Health, 129(9), 1224–1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.031.CrossRefPubMed
Lai, C. M., Mak, K. K., Watanabe, H., Jeong, J., Kim, D., Bahar, N., Ramos, M., Chen, S. H., & Cheng, C. (2015). The mediating role of internet addiction in depression, social anxiety, and psychosocial well-being among adolescents in six Asian countries: A structural equation modelling approach. Public Health, 129(9), 1224–1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.031.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Leigh, E., & Clark (2018). D. M. (Ed.), Understanding social anxiety disorder in adolescents and improving treatment outcomes: Applying the cognitive model of Clark and Wells (1995). Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 21 388–414 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0258-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Leigh, E., & Clark (2018). D. M. (Ed.), Understanding social anxiety disorder in adolescents and improving treatment outcomes: Applying the cognitive model of Clark and Wells (1995). Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 21 388–414 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0258-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Liu, H., Li, X., Han, B., & Liu, X. (2017). Effects of cognitive bias modification on social anxiety: A meta-analysis. Plos One, 12(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175107.CrossRef
Liu, H., Li, X., Han, B., & Liu, X. (2017). Effects of cognitive bias modification on social anxiety: A meta-analysis. Plos One, 12(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175107.CrossRef
go back to reference Loscalzo, Y., Giannini, M., & Miers, A. C. (2018). Social anxiety and interpretation bias: Examining clinical and subclinical components in adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 23(3), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12221.CrossRefPubMed
Loscalzo, Y., Giannini, M., & Miers, A. C. (2018). Social anxiety and interpretation bias: Examining clinical and subclinical components in adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 23(3), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12221.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference MacKinnon, D. P., & Fairchild, A. J. (2009). Current directions in mediation analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01598.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
MacKinnon, D. P., & Fairchild, A. J. (2009). Current directions in mediation analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01598.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Makkar, S. R., & Grisham, J. R. (2011). The predictors and contents of post-event processing in social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy Research, 35, 118–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9357-z.CrossRef
Makkar, S. R., & Grisham, J. R. (2011). The predictors and contents of post-event processing in social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy Research, 35, 118–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9357-z.CrossRef
go back to reference Mei, B., & Xu, L. (2016). A parametric bootstrap test based on maximum likelihood for the equality of several normal group means with unequal variances. Journal of Applied Statistics and Management, 35(4), 630–640. https://doi.org/10.13860/j.cnki.sltj.20160722-022.CrossRef
Mei, B., & Xu, L. (2016). A parametric bootstrap test based on maximum likelihood for the equality of several normal group means with unequal variances. Journal of Applied Statistics and Management, 35(4), 630–640. https://doi.org/10.13860/j.cnki.sltj.20160722-022.CrossRef
go back to reference Merikangas, K., He, J., Burstein, M., Swanson, S., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in US adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey replcation–adolescent supplement (NCS–A). Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(10), 980–989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017.CrossRefPubMed
Merikangas, K., He, J., Burstein, M., Swanson, S., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in US adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey replcation–adolescent supplement (NCS–A). Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(10), 980–989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Miers, A. C. (2021). An investigation into the influence of positive peer feedback on self-relevant cognitions in social anxiety. Behaviour Change, 38, 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2021.8.CrossRef
Miers, A. C. (2021). An investigation into the influence of positive peer feedback on self-relevant cognitions in social anxiety. Behaviour Change, 38, 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2021.8.CrossRef
go back to reference Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Bögels, S. M., & Westenberg, P. M. (2008). Interpretation bias and social anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(8), 1462–1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.02.010.CrossRefPubMed
Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Bögels, S. M., & Westenberg, P. M. (2008). Interpretation bias and social anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(8), 1462–1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.02.010.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Heyne, D. A., & Westenberg, P. M. (2014). Developmental pathways of social avoidance across adolescence: The role of social anxiety and negative cognition. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28(8), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.008.CrossRefPubMed
Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Heyne, D. A., & Westenberg, P. M. (2014). Developmental pathways of social avoidance across adolescence: The role of social anxiety and negative cognition. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28(8), 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.008.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Modini, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2017). Negative rumination in social anxiety: A randomised trial investigating the effects of a brief intervention on cognitive processes before, during and after a social situation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 55, 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.12.002.CrossRefPubMed
Modini, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2017). Negative rumination in social anxiety: A randomised trial investigating the effects of a brief intervention on cognitive processes before, during and after a social situation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 55, 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.12.002.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Modini, M., Rapee, R. M., & Abbott, M. J. (2018). Processes and pathways mediating the experience of social anxiety and negative rumination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 103, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.01.009.CrossRefPubMed
Modini, M., Rapee, R. M., & Abbott, M. J. (2018). Processes and pathways mediating the experience of social anxiety and negative rumination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 103, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.01.009.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mor, N., Hertel, P., Ngo, T. A., Shachar, T., & Redak, S. (2014). Interpretation bias characterizes trait rumination. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45(1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.08.002.CrossRefPubMed
Mor, N., Hertel, P., Ngo, T. A., Shachar, T., & Redak, S. (2014). Interpretation bias characterizes trait rumination. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45(1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.08.002.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Author.
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Author.
go back to reference Penney, E. S., & Abbott, M. J. (2014). Anticipatory and post-event rumination in social anxiety disorder: A review of the theoretical and empirical literature. Behaviour Change, 31(2), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2014.3.CrossRef
Penney, E. S., & Abbott, M. J. (2014). Anticipatory and post-event rumination in social anxiety disorder: A review of the theoretical and empirical literature. Behaviour Change, 31(2), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2014.3.CrossRef
go back to reference Penney, E. S., & Abbott, M. J. (2015). The impact of perceived standards on state anxiety, appraisal processes, and negative pre- and post-event rumination in social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 39(2), 162–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9639-3.CrossRef
Penney, E. S., & Abbott, M. J. (2015). The impact of perceived standards on state anxiety, appraisal processes, and negative pre- and post-event rumination in social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 39(2), 162–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9639-3.CrossRef
go back to reference Pickering, L., Hadwin, J. A., & Kovshoff, H. (2020). The role of peers in the development of social anxiety in adolescent girls: A systematic review. Adolescent Research Review, 5(4), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-019-00117-x.CrossRef
Pickering, L., Hadwin, J. A., & Kovshoff, H. (2020). The role of peers in the development of social anxiety in adolescent girls: A systematic review. Adolescent Research Review, 5(4), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-019-00117-x.CrossRef
go back to reference Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A Cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in soical phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35(8), 741–756.
Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A Cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in soical phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35(8), 741–756.
go back to reference Rapee, R. M., & Abbott, M. J. (2007). Modelling relationships between cognitive variables during and following public speaking in participants with social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(12), 2977–2989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
Rapee, R. M., & Abbott, M. J. (2007). Modelling relationships between cognitive variables during and following public speaking in participants with social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(12), 2977–2989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Rodgers, N. H., Lau, J., & Zebrowski, P. M. (2022). Examining the effects of stuttering and social anxiety on interpretations of ambiguous social scenarios among adolescents. Journal of Communication Disorders, 95, 106179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106179.CrossRefPubMed
Rodgers, N. H., Lau, J., & Zebrowski, P. M. (2022). Examining the effects of stuttering and social anxiety on interpretations of ambiguous social scenarios among adolescents. Journal of Communication Disorders, 95, 106179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106179.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Schreiber, F., Höflin, V., Stangier, U., Bohn, C., & Steil, R. (2012). A cognitive model of social phobia: Applicability in a large adolescent sample a cognitive model of social phobia. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5(3), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2012.5.3.341.CrossRef
Schreiber, F., Höflin, V., Stangier, U., Bohn, C., & Steil, R. (2012). A cognitive model of social phobia: Applicability in a large adolescent sample a cognitive model of social phobia. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5(3), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2012.5.3.341.CrossRef
go back to reference Shikatani, B., Antony, M. M., Kuo, J. R., & Cassin, S. E. (2014). The impact of cognitive restructuring and mindfulness strategies on post-event processing and affect in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28(6), 570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.05.012.CrossRefPubMed
Shikatani, B., Antony, M. M., Kuo, J. R., & Cassin, S. E. (2014). The impact of cognitive restructuring and mindfulness strategies on post-event processing and affect in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28(6), 570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.05.012.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Stein, M. B., & Deutsch, R. (2003). In search of social phobia subtypes: Similarity of feared social situations. Depression and Anxiety, 97, 94–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10093.CrossRef
Stein, M. B., & Deutsch, R. (2003). In search of social phobia subtypes: Similarity of feared social situations. Depression and Anxiety, 97, 94–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10093.CrossRef
go back to reference Taylor, A. B., Mackinnon, D. P., & Tein, J. Y. (2008). Tests of the three-path mediated effect. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 241–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428107300344.CrossRef
Taylor, A. B., Mackinnon, D. P., & Tein, J. Y. (2008). Tests of the three-path mediated effect. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 241–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428107300344.CrossRef
go back to reference Van Ameringen, M., Mancini, C., & Farvolden, P. (2003). The impact of anxiety disorders on educational achievement. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 17(5), 561–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00228-1.CrossRefPubMed
Van Ameringen, M., Mancini, C., & Farvolden, P. (2003). The impact of anxiety disorders on educational achievement. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 17(5), 561–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00228-1.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wang, M. C. (2014). Latent variable modeling using Mplus. Chongqing University.
Wang, M. C. (2014). Latent variable modeling using Mplus. Chongqing University.
go back to reference Wang, M. C., Deng, Q., & Bi, X. (2017). Latent variable modeling using bayesian methods. Advances in Psychological Science, 25(10), 1682–1695. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2017.01682.CrossRef
Wang, M. C., Deng, Q., & Bi, X. (2017). Latent variable modeling using bayesian methods. Advances in Psychological Science, 25(10), 1682–1695. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2017.01682.CrossRef
go back to reference Wen, Z., Hau, K., & Chang, L. (2005). A comparison of moderator and mediator and their applications. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 37(2), 268–274.
Wen, Z., Hau, K., & Chang, L. (2005). A comparison of moderator and mediator and their applications. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 37(2), 268–274.
go back to reference Westenberg, P. M., Bokhorst, C. L., Miers, A. C., Sumter, S. R., Kallen, V. L., van Pelt, J., & Blöte, A. W. (2009). A prepared speech in front of a pre-recorded audience: Subjective, physiological, and neuroendocrine responses to the Leiden Public Speaking Task. Biological Psychology, 82(2), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.06.005.CrossRefPubMed
Westenberg, P. M., Bokhorst, C. L., Miers, A. C., Sumter, S. R., Kallen, V. L., van Pelt, J., & Blöte, A. W. (2009). A prepared speech in front of a pre-recorded audience: Subjective, physiological, and neuroendocrine responses to the Leiden Public Speaking Task. Biological Psychology, 82(2), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.06.005.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J. (2016). Anticipatory processing and post-event processing in social anxiety disorder: An update on the literature. Australian Psychologist, 51(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12189.CrossRef
Wong, Q. J. J. (2016). Anticipatory processing and post-event processing in social anxiety disorder: An update on the literature. Australian Psychologist, 51(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12189.CrossRef
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J., McEvoy, P. M., & Rapee, R. M. (2015). A comparison of repetitive negative thinking and post-event processing in the prediction of maladaptive social-evaluative beliefs: A short-term prospective study. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(2), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9506-x.CrossRef
Wong, Q. J. J., McEvoy, P. M., & Rapee, R. M. (2015). A comparison of repetitive negative thinking and post-event processing in the prediction of maladaptive social-evaluative beliefs: A short-term prospective study. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(2), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9506-x.CrossRef
go back to reference Xie, Y. (2010). In Y. Xie, & Z. Guo (Eds.), Regression analysis. Social Science Academic.
Xie, Y. (2010). In Y. Xie, & Z. Guo (Eds.), Regression analysis. Social Science Academic.
go back to reference Xie, T., Chen, R., & Yu, M. (2024). The intervention effect of interpretation bias modification on adolescents’ social anxiety: Combined with network analysis. Southern Medical University, in preparation.
Xie, T., Chen, R., & Yu, M. (2024). The intervention effect of interpretation bias modification on adolescents’ social anxiety: Combined with network analysis. Southern Medical University, in preparation.
go back to reference Yu, M., Westenberg, P. M., Li, W., Wang, J., & Miers, A. C. (2019). Cultural evidence for interpretation bias as a feature of social anxiety in Chinese adolescents. Anxiety Stress & Coping, 32(4), 376–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2019.1598556.CrossRef
Yu, M., Westenberg, P. M., Li, W., Wang, J., & Miers, A. C. (2019). Cultural evidence for interpretation bias as a feature of social anxiety in Chinese adolescents. Anxiety Stress & Coping, 32(4), 376–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2019.1598556.CrossRef
go back to reference Yu, M., Pan, J., Zhu, Y., Xu, Q., & Xu, W. (2020a). Psychometric properties of Chinese version of post-event processing inventory trait in high school students. Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science, 12, 943–947. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn371468-20200215-01030.CrossRef
Yu, M., Pan, J., Zhu, Y., Xu, Q., & Xu, W. (2020a). Psychometric properties of Chinese version of post-event processing inventory trait in high school students. Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science, 12, 943–947. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn371468-20200215-01030.CrossRef
go back to reference Yu, M., Zhou, H., Wang, M., & Tang, X. (2020b). The heterogeneity of social anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: Results of latent profile analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 935–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.003.CrossRefPubMed
Yu, M., Zhou, H., Wang, M., & Tang, X. (2020b). The heterogeneity of social anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: Results of latent profile analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 935–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.003.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Yu, M., Westenberg, P. M., Wang, Y., Wang, J., & Miers, A. C. (2022). Psychometric properties of the adolescents’ interpretation and belief questionnaire (AIBQ) for measuring interpretation bias in Chinese adolescents. Current Psychology, 41, 8956–8964. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01346-x.CrossRef
Yu, M., Westenberg, P. M., Wang, Y., Wang, J., & Miers, A. C. (2022). Psychometric properties of the adolescents’ interpretation and belief questionnaire (AIBQ) for measuring interpretation bias in Chinese adolescents. Current Psychology, 41, 8956–8964. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01346-x.CrossRef
go back to reference Yu, M., Zhu, Y., Gao, D., Xu, Q., Wang, Y., & Wang, J. (2023). The impact of Cognitive Restructuring on Post-event Rumination and its situational effect on socially anxious adolescents. Behaviour Change, 40(4), 328–340. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2023.5.CrossRef
Yu, M., Zhu, Y., Gao, D., Xu, Q., Wang, Y., & Wang, J. (2023). The impact of Cognitive Restructuring on Post-event Rumination and its situational effect on socially anxious adolescents. Behaviour Change, 40(4), 328–340. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2023.5.CrossRef
go back to reference Yuan, Y., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2009). Baysian mediation analysis. Psychological Methods, 14(4), 301–322. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016972.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Yuan, Y., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2009). Baysian mediation analysis. Psychological Methods, 14(4), 301–322. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016972.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Zhou, X., Xu, Q., Inglés, C. J., Hidalgo, M. D., & La Greca, A. M. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the social anxiety scale for adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 39(2), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-007-0079-0.CrossRefPubMed
Zhou, X., Xu, Q., Inglés, C. J., Hidalgo, M. D., & La Greca, A. M. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the social anxiety scale for adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 39(2), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-007-0079-0.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Zou, J. B., & Abbott, M. J. (2012). Self-perception and rumination in social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(4), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.01.007.CrossRefPubMed
Zou, J. B., & Abbott, M. J. (2012). Self-perception and rumination in social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(4), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.01.007.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
- Titel
- Interpretation Bias and Adolescent Social Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Pre- and Post-Event Rumination
- Auteurs
-
Meng Yu
Jianping Wang
- Publicatiedatum
- 23-04-2024
- Uitgeverij
- Springer US
- Gepubliceerd in
-
Cognitive Therapy and Research
/ Uitgave 5/2024
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-024-10479-9
