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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

20-05-2024

Suicide Ideation Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents: The Role of Parental Invalidation of Adolescents’ Gender Identity

Auteurs: Erika C. Esposito, Hannah Ellerkamp, Alana M. Eisenberg, Elizabeth D. Handley, Catherine R. Glenn

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 9/2024

Abstract

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth experience chronic and acute stress associated with their gender identity contributing to their increased risk of suicide and suicide ideation (SI) compared to non-TGD peers. This study examined how invalidating and accepting gender-related experiences with a parent impact SI severity among TGD adolescents cross-sectionally and longitudinally, within-person. Participants were 15 TGD adolescents with past month SI recruited across community and clinical settings. Adolescents completed a baseline assessment of validated interviews and self-report measures on parental invalidation and SI severity. Over a 14-day follow-up period, adolescents reported instances of parental gender invalidation and acceptance, relative stress of those experiences, and SI severity multiple times/day via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Bivariate associations of parental invalidation and acceptance with SI were examined at baseline, while multilevel models examined the relationship within-person over follow-up. Cross-sectionally, greater perceived invalidation and non-affirmation by their parents was associated with more severe SI. Over the follow up, instances of perceived parental invalidation were associated with passive SI within-person. Findings partially support the minority stress theory and social safety perspective by showing that perceived gender-invalidation from parents affects SI in TGD adolescents, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Further research is needed to identify specific emotional and cognitive factors, such as perceived stress, that contribute to the risk of SI among TGD youth and inform the development of targeted interventions for this vulnerable population.

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This decision was made to increase the likelihood of capturing the dynamic interpersonal processes (e.g., parent support) influencing SI over the follow-up period and to ensure a foundational parent-adolescent relationship, while minimizing sample bias against non-traditional family structures (e.g., joint custody arrangements).

Percentage based on n = 14; one parent selected “Prefer not to say” in response to annual household income query.

If an adolescent failed to respond to 50% or more SCs within-day, one-to-two additional SC surveys were scheduled for either later that same day (if availability permitted) or the following day to support compliance.

Though adolescents were not explicitly asked to report their medications, they were asked about illicit substance use, including any non-prescribed medication, during their risk assessment. None of the enrolled adolescents reported non-prescribed gender-affirming hormone replacement therapy.

Two items were imputed across two separate adolescents: one item from the SIQ and one item from the PAGES-Y. Bivariate analyses yielded a similar pattern of results and significance when run on complete-only data.

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Titel: Suicide Ideation Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents: The Role of Parental Invalidation of Adolescents’ Gender Identity
Auteurs: Erika C. Esposito
Hannah Ellerkamp
Alana M. Eisenberg
Elizabeth D. Handley
Catherine R. Glenn
Publicatiedatum: 20-05-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 9/2024
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-024-01203-y

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Suicide Ideation Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents: The Role of Parental Invalidation of Adolescents’ Gender Identity

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Maternal Perceptions and Responsiveness to Cry in Armed Conflict Zones: Links to Child Behavior Problems

The Impact of Stimulant Medication on the Relation Between Working Memory and Activity Level in ADHD

Young Children of Mothers with a History of Depression Show Attention Bias to Sad Faces: An Eye-tracking Study

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, Effortful Control, and Child Social Anxiety Symptoms

Correction to: Parental Meta-Emotion Philosophy and Emotion Coaching in Families of Children and Adolescents with an Anxiety Disorder

The Effectiveness of Modular Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Treatment as Usual for Youths Displaying School Attendance Problems: A Randomized Controlled Trial