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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

29-08-2024

Adolescents with Elevated Psychopathic Traits are Associated with an Increased Risk for Premature Mortality

Auteurs: J. Michael Maurer, Aparna R. Gullapalli, Michaela M. Milillo, Corey H. Allen, Samantha N. Rodriguez, Bethany G. Edwards, Nathaniel E. Anderson, Carla L. Harenski, Kent A. Kiehl

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2025

Abstract

The mortality rate among adolescents has been steadily increasing in recent years. Researchers have previously identified forms of externalizing psychopathology measured during adolescence associated with an increased risk for premature mortality, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance use disorders (SUDs), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD). The current study investigated whether additional personality traits (i.e., adolescent psychopathic traits, assessed via the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version [PCL:YV]) were also associated with premature mortality risk among maximum-security incarcerated adolescents (N = 332). During a follow-up period ranging from 10 to 14 years, premature mortality was observed in n = 33 participants (9.94%), a mortality rate nearly ten times higher than population norms. We observed that adolescents scoring the highest on PCL:YV total scores exhibited significantly higher rates of premature mortality compared to adolescents scoring lower on PCL:YV total scores via Fisher’s exact tests. Additionally, through univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, PCL:YV total, Factor 2 (measuring lifestyle/behavioral and antisocial/developmental psychopathic traits), Facet 1 (measuring interpersonal psychopathic traits), and Facet 3 (measuring lifestyle/behavioral psychopathic traits) scores were associated with faster time to premature mortality. In supplemental analyses performed, we observed that adolescents meeting criteria for externalizing psychopathology (i.e., ADHD, SUDs, ODD, and CD) did not exhibit higher rates of premature mortality compared to control participants. The current study therefore identifies additional maladaptive personality traits to consider in relation to premature mortality risk (i.e., psychopathic traits) among a high-risk sample of incarcerated adolescents.

vorige artikel Punishment and Reward Sensitivity in Risk-Taking as Potential Mechanisms Explaining the Relationships Between Childhood Callous-Unemotional Traits and Adolescent Substance Use in a Longitudinal Cohort Study Sample

volgende artikel The Effect of Screen Time and Positive School Factors in the Pathway to Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes

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In total, N = 333 participants completed the PCL:YV; however, one participant was excluded from the current study as they served a continuous correctional sentence from adolescence to adulthood. As this participant did not have a release date to include in Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, this participant was excluded from subsequent analyses.

Fisher’s exact test indicated that male and female participants did not significantly differ with respect to premature mortality rate, p =.324.

An additional Fisher’s exact test indicated that the mortality rate among former study participants who previously completed the PCL:YV (n = 33 out of N = 332 participants, 9.94%) was not significantly higher than former study participants who did not previously complete the PCL:YV (n = 12 out of 165 study participants, 7.27%), p =.205.

Univariate, rather than multivariate, Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed given significant correlations observed between PCL:YV factor and facet scores (see our Supplemental Material). Univariate statistical tests were incorporated to avoid statistical issues related to significantly correlated variables (e.g., multicollinearity, regression instability, and/or potential suppression effects), which may further convolute our understanding regarding the association between adolescent psychopathic traits and premature mortality risk.

Both Fisher’s exact tests survive Bonferroni multiple comparison correction (i.e., 0.05/2, or p <.025).

None of the univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses presented survived a modified Bonferroni multiple comparison correction (i.e., 0.05/7 or p <.007).

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Titel: Adolescents with Elevated Psychopathic Traits are Associated with an Increased Risk for Premature Mortality
Auteurs: J. Michael Maurer
Aparna R. Gullapalli
Michaela M. Milillo
Corey H. Allen
Samantha N. Rodriguez
Bethany G. Edwards
Nathaniel E. Anderson
Carla L. Harenski
Kent A. Kiehl
Publicatiedatum: 29-08-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2025
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-024-01233-6

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Adolescents with Elevated Psychopathic Traits are Associated with an Increased Risk for Premature Mortality

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Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2025

Bullying Victimization, Non-suicidal Self-injury, and Psychotic-like Experiences in Chinese Rural Adolescents: Exploring Transactional Associations

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Bullying Victimization, Non-suicidal Self-injury, and Psychotic-like Experiences in Chinese Rural Adolescents: Exploring Transactional Associations

The Influence of Temperament, Theory of Mind, Inhibitory Control, and Prosocial Behavior on Child Anxiety Symptoms in the First Five Years of Life

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